马克·卡尼将出任加拿大总理，特鲁多时代落幕
Banker Mark Carney Wins Race to Lead Liberal Party, and Canada

Amid a generational crisis in Canada’s relationship with the United States, the Liberal Party of Canada on Sunday chose an unelected technocrat with deep experience in financial markets to replace Justin Trudeau as party leader and the country’s prime minister, and to take on President Trump.
在加拿大与美国的关系陷入一个世代所未见的危机之际，加拿大自由党周日选择了一位在金融市场经验丰富的非民选技术官僚来接替特鲁多担任党魁和总理，并应对特朗普总统。

Mark Carney, 59, who steered the Bank of Canada through the 2008 global financial crisis and the Bank of England through Brexit, but who has never been elected to office, won a leadership race on Sunday against his friend and former finance minister, Chrystia Freeland.
现年59岁的马克·卡尼曾带领加拿大央行度过2008年全球金融危机，以及带领英国央行脱欧，但他从未当选过公职。在周日的领导人竞选中，他战胜了自己的朋友、前财长克里斯蒂娅·弗里兰。

He won a stunning 85.9 percent of the votes cast by Liberal Party members. More than 150,000 people voted, according to the party’s leaders.
他在自由党内部赢得了惊人的85.9%的支持率。据该党领导层表示，有超过15万人参加了投票。

“America is not Canada. And Canada never, ever will be part of America in any way, shape or form,” Mr. Carney said in his acceptance speech on Sunday evening to an electric crowd of party faithful, directly addressing Mr. Trump’s constant threat that he wants to make Canada the 51st state. “We didn’t ask for this fight, but Canadians are always ready when someone else drops the gloves.”
“美国不是加拿大。而加拿大永远都不会以任何方式、形态或形式成为美国的一部分，”周日晚，卡尼在获胜演讲中对热情高涨的党内忠实支持者们说道，直接回应了特朗普一直以来宣称要让加拿大成为美国第51个州的威胁。“我们并不想要这场争斗，但他人若要挑衅，加拿大人随时奉陪。”

“So Americans should make no mistake,’’ Mr. Carney added. “In trade, as in hockey, Canada will win.”
“所以美国人不要搞错了，在贸易领域，就如同在冰球赛场上一样，赢的会是加拿大，”他补充道。

He is expected to be sworn in as prime minister quickly, early this week, officially ending the Trudeau era. His first and most pressing challenge will be to manage the threat from Mr. Trump to Canada’s economy and sovereignty.
预计他将在本周初迅速宣誓就任总理，正式结束特鲁多时代。他的首要任务，同时也是最紧迫的挑战，就是应对特朗普对加拿大经济和主权的威胁。

But, because Mr. Carney does not hold a seat in Parliament, he is expected to call federal elections soon after being sworn in as prime minister. In those elections, he will face off with Pierre Poilievre, the leader of the Conservative Party.
但由于卡尼没有议会席位，预计他将在宣誓就任总理后很快举行联邦选举。在这些选举中，他将与保守党领袖博励治(Pierre Poilievre)展开对决。

It’s a crucial moment to be taking the wheel in Canada, a member of NATO and the Group of 7 industrialized nations and the world’s second-largest country by land mass.
对于加拿大这样一个北约和七国集团成员，而且国土面积位居世界第二的国家来说，现在正是执掌政权的关键时刻。

Mr. Trump has put his thumb on Canadian politics, through his on-again-off-again pursuit of tariffs against Canadian goods, which threaten to cripple the economy, and his menacing comments about annexation.
通过反复无常地对加拿大商品征收可能削弱经济的关税，特朗普对加拿大的政治施加影响，此外他还发表了有关吞并加拿大的威胁性言论。

Mr. Trudeau summarized the mood within his own party, and much of Canadian society, speaking at the Liberal Party convention to an adoring crowd in Ottawa just before his successor was announced.
就在宣布继任者之前，特鲁多在渥太华举行的自由党大会上对自己的支持者发表讲话，总结了他所在的政党内部以及加拿大社会大部分人的情绪。

“This is a nation-defining moment. Democracy is not a given. Freedom is not a given,” Mr. Trudeau said. “Even Canada is not a given.”
“这是一个决定国家命运的时刻。民主并非理所当然，自由并非理所当然，”特鲁多说道。“连加拿大都不是理所当然的。”

Mr. Carney said he supported the retaliatory tariffs Canada has adopted. “My government will keep our tariffs on until the Americans show us respect,” he said.
卡尼说，他支持加拿大采取的报复性关税。他说：“我的政府将维持这些关税，直到美国人开始正视我们。”

Canadian voters have suggested to opinion researchers that who might best stand up to Mr. Trump has been a key question guiding the choice of Mr. Carney and future decisions in the federal election.
民调研究人员发现，加拿大选民选择卡尼，以及在未来的联邦选举中把选票投给谁的一个关键考量就是，谁能最有力对抗特朗普。

Federal elections must be held by October in line with Canada’s rules. The Conservative Party, led by Mr. Poilievre, had long maintained a 20-plus point lead over the Liberals in polls, but the gap has been closing since Mr. Trudeau announced his resignation and Mr. Trump started making moves against Canada.
根据加拿大的规定，联邦选举必须在10月前举行。长期以来，由博励治领导的保守党在民调中一直领先自由党20多个百分点，但自从特鲁多宣布辞职以及特朗普开始对加拿大采取行动以来，这一差距正在缩小。

The latest polling suggests that most respondents would choose Mr. Carney over Mr. Poilievre if he led the Liberal Party into the elections. Polling also shows that Canadians would prefer Mr. Carney to negotiate with Mr. Trump over Mr. Poilievre. Mr. Poilievre has suffered a serious setback in polls, as some voters see him as too close ideologically to Mr. Trump.
最新的民调显示，如果卡尼带领自由党参选，大多数受访者会选择他而非博励治。民调还显示，与博励治相比，加拿大人更希望卡尼与特朗普进行谈判。博励治在民调中遭遇重挫，因为一些选民认为他在意识形态上与特朗普十分接近。

And on Sunday night, Mr. Carney quickly pivoted to federal election campaign rhetoric to attack Mr. Poilievre, casting him as devoid of real-world experience and too admiring of Mr. Trump to challenge him.
周日晚，卡尼迅速切换到联邦选举的言辞，对博励治发起攻击，称他缺乏现实世界的经验，而且对特朗普太过崇拜，无法对其发起挑战。

“Donald Trump thinks he can weaken us with his plan to divide and conquer. Pierre Poilievre’s plan will leave us divided and ready to be conquered,” he said. “Because a person who worships at the altar of Donald Trump will kneel before him, not stand up to him.”
“特朗普认为他可以通过分而治之的计划来削弱我们。博励治的计划将使我们四分五裂，任人宰割，”他说。“因为在特朗普的祭坛前顶礼膜拜的人只会卑躬屈膝，而不会站起来反抗他。”

Mr. Carney’s experience in handling major crises as a technocrat could also be giving him an advantage over Mr. Poilievre in people’s perceptions. Mr. Poilievre, 45, has been a lifelong politician without much experience outside Canada’s parliamentary rough and tumble.
作为一名技术官僚，卡尼在处理重大危机方面的经验或许也使他在人们心目中比博励治更具优势。45岁的博励治终身从政，除了加拿大议会中的激烈争斗之外，并没有太多其他方面的经验。

The Liberal Party establishment rallied around Mr. Carney’s campaign against Ms. Freeland, a former top lieutenant of Mr. Trudeau’s, whose resignation in December triggered Mr. Trudeau’s own decision to step down.
自由党党内建制派支持卡尼在竞选中对抗弗里兰。弗里兰曾是特鲁多的重要副手，她去年12月的辞职促使特鲁多也决定下台。

And it has been clear that the Conservative Party also sees Mr. Carney as the bigger threat: It has been running negative ads against him, focusing on his personal wealth and investing decisions.
而保守党显然也将卡尼视为更大的威胁：他们一直在投放针对卡尼的负面广告，重点关注他的个人财富和投资决策。

A key question will be whether Mr. Carney can sufficiently differentiate himself from Mr. Trudeau, whom he advised and was friendly with. Canadians want change after a decade of Mr. Trudeau, and the Conservative Party has been highlighting the personal and ideological links between the two men.
一个关键的问题是，卡尼能否将自己与特鲁多充分区分开来，因为他曾是后者的顾问，而且两人关系友好。在特鲁多执政十年之后，加拿大人希望变革，而保守党也一直在强调两人在个人和意识形态方面的联系。

Apart from Mr. Trump, Canada faces a slew of problems for which many voters blame Mr. Trudeau, foremost being an affordability crisis, with housing and cost of living crushing for many Canadians.
除了特朗普带来的问题之外，加拿大还面临着一系列问题，许多选民将这些问题归咎于特鲁多，其中最主要的是生活成本危机，住房和生活的成本让许多加拿大人不堪重负。

But broader, more existential problems about how Canada is run are pressing, too. One is how to use Canada’s vast natural resources, including oil, gas and coal, as well as the vital fertilizer ingredient potash, rare minerals and uranium needed for nuclear energy.
但一些围绕加拿大治理方式的更广泛、更现实的问题也迫在眉睫。其中一个问题是如何利用加拿大丰富的自然资源，包括石油、天然气和煤炭，以及至关重要的化肥原料钾、稀有矿物和核能所需的铀。

Mr. Carney, in the years after his monetary policymaking career, emerged as a global evangelist for green investment, and he will need to decide how to make use of Canada’s tremendous natural endowments.
卡尼在结束货币政策制定生涯后的几年里，成为了全球绿色投资的倡导者，他将需要决定如何利用加拿大巨大的自然馈赠。

Immigration has been another key issue for Canadians. The country has historically been open both to economic migrants and to refugees, but, after the pandemic, Mr. Trudeau oversaw a rapid growth of temporary migration into Canada to help fill a labor shortage.
移民也一直是加拿大人关注的另一个关键问题。从历史上看，这个国家对经济移民和难民都持开放态度，但在疫情之后，特鲁多主导了加拿大临时移民数量的快速增长，以帮助填补劳动力短缺。

That has set off a backlash, with migrants accused of further straining a dysfunctional housing market and health-care system.
这引发了强烈的反对情绪，移民被指责进一步加剧了本就问题重重的住房市场和医疗系统压力。

In his acceptance speech, Mr. Carney also sought to brandish his Liberal credentials and convince people that, despite having made a fortune in finance, he is still a progressive, attuned to the party’s DNA.
在胜选演讲中，卡尼还试图展示自己作为自由党人的特质，让人们相信，尽管他在金融领域赚得盆满钵满，但自己依然是一名进步人士，与自由党的核心理念相契合。

“I know that markets don’t have values, people do,” he said. “When markets are governed well, they deliver great jobs and strong growth better than anything. But markets are also indifferent to human suffering and are blind to our greatest needs,” he added.
“我知道，市场是没有价值观的，而人有，”他说，“市场只要管理得当，可以带来绝佳的就业机会和强劲的经济增长，它在这方面的能力是无与伦比的。但市场对人类的痛苦也漠不关心，并且对我们最迫切的需求视而不见。”他补充道。