so
1.so beautiful a garden比a so beautiful garden普通而自然，参见a，an 23。不可说so beautiful gardens和so good poetry，该把so改作such。通常不说my so beautiful garden，该改作my garden，which is so beautiful。
2.关于He is not so old as she和He is not as old as she。参见as 6
3.可以说I am busy, so I cannot go with you。不可说As I am busy, so I cannot go with you，参见as 8
4.关于Here is so big a stone as no man can lift和Here is so big a stone that no man can lift it，参见as 11
5.下面第一句里的so ... as to ...表示目的，第二句里的so ... as to …可以表示目的，也可以表示结果，第三句里的so ... as to...表示结果：
- I will write so carefully as to make my meaning clear.
- I always write so carefully as to make my meaning clear.
- I never write so carelessly as not to make my meaning clear.
第一句可以改作I will write so carefully that I may make my meaning clear。第二句可以改作I always write so carefully that I may make my meaning clear（表示目的）或I alwasys write so carefully that I make my meaning clear（表示结果）。第三句可以改作I never write so carelessly that I do not make my meaning clear。
下面第一句里的so as to…表示目的，第二句里的so as to…可以表示目的，也可以表示结果，第三句里的so as to…表示结果。
- He tried to shout so as to be heard all along the street.
- He shouted so as to be heard all along the street.
- He was afraid of making any noise so as to be heard by the baby.
第一句可以改作He tried to shout so that he might（或could）be heard all along the street。第二句可以改作He shouted so that he might be heard all along the street（表示目的）或He shouted so that he was heard all along the street（表示结果）。第三句可以改作He was afraid of making any noise so that he might（或could）be heard by the baby。
6.下面五句意思相仿：
- He was so angry as not to be able to speak.
- He was so angry that he could not speak.
- He was angry, so he could not speak.
- He was angry, and so he could not speak.
- He could not speak, he was so angry.
下面几点该注意：
（1）第一句里的so angry as not to...可以改作angry enough not to ...，但不可说so angry enough as to...或angry enough as to...。
（2）第二句里的that有时省去。
（3）第三句里的so的前面有人以为该用分号而不用逗号，否则该加上and（成为第四句）。
（4）第四句里的and so的前面用逗号，不用分号。
（5）第五句在he的前面不该加上for，假使加上了for，该把so删去。
（6）第五句可以改作He could not speak，so angry he was或He could not speak，so angry was he。
7.He tried to shout so that he might（或could）be heard all along the street等句子里的so that表示目的。在美国往往只用so而不用that，前面有时有逗号，有时没有逗号。例如：He tried to shout (,) so he might be heard all along the street. 和Kindly sign it and return to me(,) so I can put through a voucher for the ¥600 we agreed on.
He shouted so that he was heard all along the street等句子里的so that表示结果。在美国也往往只用so而不用that。
8.注意下面第一句里用so is he，第二句里用so he is，第三句里用so does he，第四句里用so he does：
- She is clever，and so is he.
- She calls him clever, and so he is.
- She works hard, and so does he.
- She says he works hard, and so he does.
第一句和第三句里的he和she并不是同一个人，第二句和第四句里的he和him或he是同一个人。注意下面第一句里用so he is和so is his brother，第二句里用so he does和so does his brother：
- She calls him clever, so he is, and so is his brother.
- She says he works hard, so he does, and so does his brother.
9.Don't call me unkind, John, you know I am not so里的so是代替上文的unkind，实际这so是多余的，因为I am not等于I am not unkind。通常不用so。
If you are a member of the association, how long have you been so? 里的so代替上文的a member of the association。
10.注意在下面各句里都不可用so：
- You're not comfortable, are you（不可说are you so）?
- Oh, you are comfortable, are you（不可说are you so）?
A: I'm awfully comfortable.
B: Are you（不可说Are you so）?
A: Are you comfortable?
B: (Yes,) I am（不可说I am so）.
(No,) I am not（不可说I am not so）.
A: Do you believe it?
B: (Yes,) I do（不可说I do so）.
(No,) I don't（不可说I don't so）.
11.在口语里，在think，expect，believe，suppose，fancy，fear，hear，hope，imagine等词后面可以用so来代替上文所提及的名词、形容词或从句。例如：
A: Is he a cop?
B: I think so（＝he is a cop）.
12.关于do so，参见do 5和6
13.在过去分词前面，用so往往不及用so much或so well自然，如so (much) damaged，so (well) developed等。
14.关于So far from liking him, I wish I may never see him again等句，参见far 3
15.Bob did not so much as raise his head和Bob could not find so much as a piece of bread to eat等句子里的so much as作even解，不该在它的前面加上even。
16.关于ever so和never so，参见never 5
17.or so通常紧接在数字的后面，但有时也用在数字所修饰的词的后面。例如：There were fifteen or so people there. 和There were fifteen people or so there.
18.and so on，and so on语气比单用and so on重。
19.下面两句意思相同：
- Give her a fairly detailed description of yourself so that she will not miss you in the crowds.
- So that she will not miss you in the crowds, give her a fairly detailed description of yourself.
20.比较下面每组里的四句：
He is starting early so that he may arrive in time.
He is starting early so that he shall arrive in time.
He is starting early so that he will arrive in time.
He is starting early,so that he will arrive in time.
He started early so that he might arrive in time.
He started early so that he should arrive in time.
He started early, so that he would arrive in time.
He started early so that he would arrive in time.
每组里的第一句、第二句和第三句都表示目的。第四句里有逗号，在early后面有一小顿，表示结果。
21.下面两句意思相同：
- It is getting late, so that I must be going home.
- It is getting late. So that I must be going home.
