lie 的用法及固定搭配

lie

1.参见lay

2.下面两句意思不同。

  • He sometimes lies looking at the sky. (他有时躺着望着天空[不是躺着阅读或歌唱]。)
  • He sometimes looks at the sky lying. (他有时躺着望着天空[不是站着或坐着望着天空]。)

下面两句里的read the newspapers lying和play the piano lying不可改作lie reading the newspapers和lie playing the piano:

  • Having a cold, he had to read the newspapers lying.
  • It is certainly impossible to play the piano lying.

参见sit 3和stand 3

3.lie(说谎)的过去式和过去分词都是lied。(参见:英语不规则动词表(动词原形、过去式与过去分词对照)

4.lie在用作名词的时候作“谎话”解,是类名词,并不统指“谎话”。“说谎”该用tell a lie或tell lies,不可用tell lie。

5.lie在用作名词的时候并不作“说谎”解,如不可说I hate lie,该把lie改作lying或telling lies。

6.lie不论用作名词(谎话)或动词(说谎)语气都很重,动词lie比tell a lie或tell lies语气更重,对人说他tell a lie,tell lies或lie都很不妥,英美人通常避免这个词而用fib或untruth,孩子们往往用story。