leave 的用法及固定搭配

leave

1.leave往往用在现在时态或现在进行时态代替将来时态,如I leave tomorrow或I am leaving tomorrow作I shall leave tomorrow解。

2.不可说leave away,该把away删去。

3.leave不可用来说“与(朋友等)分别”,如不可说It is a month since I left him。照习惯该把left him改作last saw him或saw him last。

4.比较下面四句:

  • He left a watch to her. (1.他把一只表遗赠给她。2.他把一只表交她保管。)
  • He left a watch with her. (他把一只表交她保管。)
  • He left her a watch. (1.他把一只表遗赠给她。2.他把一只表交她保管。3.他拿去了她的一切,只留下了一只表。)
  • He left her with a watch. (他把一只表遗赠给她。)

5.His death left her an orphan作“他的死使她成为一个孤儿”解,orphan是表语。He left her a watch可能有三个意思(参见4里的第三句)。这两种不同的结构不可混用。在主动语态里很少有混用的危险。但在被动语态里有时混用,如He was left an orphan可能有“他被遗弃成为一个孤儿”和“一个孤儿遗留给他(叫他收养)”两个意思。

6.I leave you to settle up和I leave it to you to settle up都作“我任凭你处理”解。但leave后面接指人的词和不定式也会有其他意思,如I left him to do it可能有三个意思:1.我任凭他做这个。2.我离开了他,任他做这个。3.我离开了他去做这个(是我做,不是他做)。在有可能被人误解的场合,该避免这结构。

7.I shall leave the city soon等句子里不可在leave后面加上off或from。

8.leave是一时的动作,He has left for a week不是“他已经离开了一星期”,却是“他已经离开了,预备一星期以后回来。”“他已经离开了一星期”该说He left a week ago或It is a week since he left。

9.leave of absence of ten days和a leave of absence of ten days都可以说。

10.He took his leave yesterday里当然用单数形式leave,They took their leave(s) yesterday里现在也通常用单数形式。