idiom
idiom这词的意思在各书里不一致,词典里也不详细。据我看来,有下面八种意思:
1.指一个语言的全体,2.指一个地方的方言(dialect),3.指一个社会或职业界的词汇的全体,4.指一个作家所特有的语式的全体,5.指一个语言所特有的语式,6.指一个语言所特有的语式的总量,就是一个语言的特性,也就是一个语言的纯粹性或“精神”,7.指某词或某若干词的特性,8.指一篇文字或一个语句的是否合乎那语言的特性。5.和6.两种意思最普通,注意在5.里idiom是类名词,如说an idiom,this idiom,two idioms,many idioms等,在6.里idiom是抽象名词,如说idiom和English idiom,但不可说an idiom,this idiom,two idioms,many idioms等。
下面是上面所讲的八种意思的例句:
(l) English is an old idiom.
(2) This word is peculiar to the idiom of the district.
(3) I know nothing about the idiom of his profession.
(4) This poet's idiom is often obscure.
(5) 'Had better' is a common idiom.
(6) We must not violate idiom.
(7) I am interested in the idiom of these verbs.
(8) The idiom of his letters is perfectly correct.