case

1.in case of有时作“假使…发生”解。例如：In case of fire, give the alarm.有时作“防备…”解。例如：Take some brandy with you in case of need. Take an umbrella with you in case of rain可能有两个意思：1.“假使下雨，拿一把伞。”2.“拿一把伞，防备下雨。”in the case of通常作“关于…”解。例如：In the case of his father, we must make an exception.偶尔用作in case of解。

2.in the case of, in ...'s case, in many cases等用得太多，往往可以避免。例如：

• In the case of Russian grammar, it has six cases.（可以改作Russian grammar has six cases。）
• In the case of my brother（或In my brother's case）, he will graduate next year.（可以改作My brother will graduate next year。）
• In many cases the answers are almost perfect.（可以改作Many ［of the］ answers are almost perfect。）
• In every case except that of world literature he has got A.（可以改作In every subject except world literature he has got A。）
• Some of my friends sing very well, but this is not the case with me.（可以改作Some of my friends sing very well, but I do not。）

3.in case（后面从前往往加上连接词that，现在不加）有下面各种含意：

（1）“假使…”。例如：

• In case he comes, let me know.
• In case you fail, you must try again.

（2）“防备…”。例如：

• You had better be ready in case they arrive before you expect them.
• I left the door open in case the cat wanted to get in.

（3）“借以避免…”。例如：

• Be quiet in case you (should) wake the baby.
• He left his most valuable books with me in case they got (或should get) lost.

（4）“希望…”。例如：

• He waited outside in case he could be useful.
• I enclose my card in case you wish to see it.

in case有时单独用，表示“防备…”，“借以避免…”，或“希望…”的意思。例如：

• They may not arrive before you expect them, but you had better be ready in case.
• Noise might not wake the baby, but I advise you to be quiet in case.
• He did not know whether he could prove useful in the room, but he waited outside in case.

4.in case引导的从句里不用will或would指将来，如In case he comes, let me know里的comes不可改作will come, I left the door open in case the cat wanted to get in里的wanted不可改作would want。