act 和 action 的用法及固定搭配

act(ion)

1.act和action的区别,下面几点该注意:

(1)act指一时而简单的动作,action指持续而复杂的动作。如你看见有人倒在地上,扶他起来,这是act。要是不但扶他起来,而且替他叫车,送他到家等,那是action。

(2)在act of cruelty, act of folly, act of kindness, act of madness, act of mercy等表达方式(都是后面接of和抽象名词)里只用act,不用action。

(3)cruel act(ion), foolish act(ion), kind act(ion)等表达方式(都是前面用形容词)里用action比用act普通些。

(4)act比action具体,action比act抽象。如in word and act里的word和act都是具体的,in speech and action里的speech和action都是抽象的。但谚语Actions speak louder than words里用actions,不用acts。

有许多地方,或者只可用act,或者只可用action。例如:

  • in the (very) act of...ing(正在做…的事)
  • act of God(天灾)
  • take action(有所举动、采取行动)
  • the action of the machine(这机器的作用)

2.act the hero(装出英雄气概),act the child(做出儿童模样),act the policeman(做出警察一般的行动)等表达方式里都用the,不用a,偶然有不用the的,但很少。

3.The boys sometimes act being soldiers(男孩们有时装扮成士兵做游戏)里的being是act的宾语。

4.下面第一句里用natural而不用naturally,第二句里用wild而不用wildly,因为着重在那个人当时的情况:

  • At first he was a little shy in class, but now he acts more natural.
  • The girl has begun to act wild again, as though she were going mad.

有时act+形容词作“假装得…似的”解。例如:

  • Even elephants have been known to act dead.