about 的用法及固定搭配

about

1. about在用作“不久就要…”解的时候后面通常接不定式,如about to start。但也有接动名词的,如about starting。用不定式比较普通。

about在用作“不久就要…”解的时候不可再加表示时间的词,如不可说about to start next morning或about starng at once。

2. 下面各种表达方式里的about都作“大约”解:

about ten, about a hundred, about half, about a quarter注意ten, a hundred, half和a quarter都是明确的数或量,原来并没有“多少不定”的意思。在有“多少不定”的意思的词语前面不该用about,如不可说about more than ten, about less than half, about several, about some 或about a few等。

虽然about three or four和about a dozen or so等表达方式也有人用,但最好删去about。

3.下面各句里可以有at,也可以没有at,意思并没有区别。有了at, about是副词,没有at, about是介词:

  • I went (at) about five (o'clock).
  • I went (at) about noon.
  • I went (at) about midnight.
  • I went (at) about Christmas.

这里at用的少,不用的多。同样地,下面两句里的on和in也用的少,不用的多:

  • I went (on) about 18 January.
  • I went (in) about January.
  • at about five (o'clock), at about noon等不可改作about at five (o'clock), about at noon等。