区别辨析girl、maid、maiden与daughter

give、accord、award、confer、grant、endow、present与bestow这组动词均含有“给予、赠给”之意。

give : 最普通用词,泛指将自己的东西给予他人,所给予的东西,物质或非物质的均可。

  • She gave us a set of saucepans as a wedding present.
    她送我的结婚礼物是一套深平底锅。
  • Can you give me a date for another appointment?
    我能再和您约个时间吗?
  • They never gave me a chance/choice.
    他们从来就没给过我机会/选择余地。

accord : 侧重所给予的是应得的或是恰当的,或是因某种原因而适于接受的。

  • The massed crowds of supporters accorded him a hero's welcome.
    蜂拥云集的支持者们给予他英雄般的欢迎。
  • Certainly in our society teachers don't enjoy the respect that is accorded to doctors and lawyers.
    的确,在我们这个社会中,老师没有得到像医生和律师所受到的那种尊敬。

award : 通常暗示所给予的东西是接受者应得的,而且给予者往往是具有裁判权力的。

  • Carlos was awarded first prize in the essay competition.
    卡洛斯被授予短文写作竞赛一等奖。
  • The jury awarded libel damages of £100,000.
    陪审团作出裁定,判给受害人名誉损害赔偿金10万英镑。
  • The university has awarded her a $500 travel grant.
    该大学发给她500美元的旅行补助。

confer : 通常指授予称号或学位等。

  • An honorary doctorate was conferred on him by Columbia University.
    哥伦比亚大学授予他荣誉博士学位。

grant : 多指出于慷慨、怜悯或正义感而给予,并且通常是在被请求下给予。

  • They granted her an entry visa.
    他们发给她入境签证。
  • He was granted asylum.
    他的避难请求被接受了。
  • She granted their request/wish.
    她答应了他们的请求/满足了他们的愿望。

endow : 指捐赠大量的钱作基金,也可指给予非物质的东西。

  • The state of Michigan has endowed three institutes to do research for industry.
    密歇根州已经向3家研究所提供资助进行产业研究。
  • This hospital was endowed by the citizens of Strasbourg in the 16th century.
    这所医院是16世纪斯特拉斯堡市民捐建的。

present : 指正式地给予或授予,通常伴有仪式进行。

  • The winners were presented with medals.
    获胜者被授予奖牌。

bestow : 正式用词,指把某物作为礼物赠送于某人,也可作引申用。

  • The George Cross is a decoration that is bestowed upon/on British civilians for acts of great bravery.
    乔治十字勋章是为了表彰英国平民的英勇行为而颁发的。