区别辨析duty、obligation、responsibility与function

duty、obligation、responsibility与function都有“义务”或“职责”之意。

duty : 指按道德和法律的标准,一个人永远要尽的义务,强调自觉性。

  • your duties as a parent
    你作为父母的责任
  • to do your duty for your country
    为祖国尽己任
  • It is my duty to report it to the police.
    把这事报告给警方是我的责任。

obligation : 指道义上或法律上对他人的义务,强调强制性。也指因作出承诺而被迫履行的某种义务。

  • She did not feel under any obligation to tell him the truth.
    她觉得没有义务告诉他实情。

responsibility : 指任何义务、职责、责任或职务上所尽的本分,强调对他人的责任。

  • to be in a position of responsibility
    身居要位
  • They have responsibility for ensuring that the rules are enforced.
    他们有责任确保制度的执行。

function : 指因职务或职业关系去履行某种职责。

  • The main function of the merchant banks is to raise capital for industry.
    商业银行的主要职能是为产业融资。