本文经授权转载自微信公众号:田间小站
SAT TEM8 GRE
外刊例句
- That gold is surging makes a certain degree of sense: the metal is seen to be a hedge against calamity and economic hardship.
金价飙升在一定程度上是有道理的:这种金属被视为抵御灾难和经济困难的对冲工具。
——《经济学人》 - For ages, eclipses of the sun were feared as portents of calamity.
长久以来,日食一直被担忧为灾难的预兆。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[noun] an event causing great and often sudden damage or distress; a disaster
[名词] 造成巨大且常常是突然的损害或痛苦的事件;灾难
深入解读
从词形上来看, calamity 是一个很容易与单词 calumny (诽谤)相混淆的单词,两者可以一并联想记忆。
从词源上来看, calamity 源自于拉丁语 calamitatem (损坏、损失、失败;灾难、不幸、逆境),最早于15世纪初由古法语 calamite 进入英语,也是用来表示“灾难、灾祸”以及“不幸、痛苦、苦难”,侧重指以巨大损失和持久痛苦为特点的突发灾难性事件,以及指因重大不幸或损失而导致的极度痛苦或悲惨状态。比如:
- 将来会发生些什么不幸的事,他从不远虑。
It is not his custom to look out for distant calamity. - 他们只有坚持不懈地与自然灾害作斗争,才能取得胜利。
They will only triumph by persevering in their struggle against natural calamities.
名著用例
Affliction is enamoured of thy parts,
And thou art wedded to calamity.
你已经和坎坷的命运结下了不解之缘。
出自莎士比亚创作的戏剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》(Romeo and Juliet)。
同近义词