balance of payments
国际收支差额
A term used to describe a country’s transactions with the rest of the world. The import and export of goods and services are captured in the current account, which also includes investment income and transfers (such as expatriate workers sending money home). The capital account captures financial transactions such as foreign direct investment or purchases of bonds and equities. These will balance in the sense that a current-account deficit (or surplus) must be offset by a capital-account surplus (or deficit).
一个用来描述一个国家与世界其他地区交易的术语。货物和服务的进出口计入经常账户，其中还包括投资收入和转账（如外籍工人汇款回国）。资本账户记录金融交，例如外国直接投资或购买债券和股票。这将在经常项目赤字（或盈余）必须被资本项目盈余（或赤字）抵消的意义上实现平衡。
拓展学习
国际收支差额，是指自主交易的差额。当这一差额为零时，称为“国际收支平衡”；当这一差额为正时，称为“国际收支顺差”；当这一差额为负时，称为“国际收支逆差”。后两者统称为“国际收支不平衡”。
