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IELTS TOEFL SAT TEM8
外刊例句
- Pursuing armed conflict to wipe out a population or despoil their land is plainly out of bounds.
为消灭人口或掠夺他们的土地而进行武装冲突显然是出格的。
——《经济学人》 - Early Americans enslaved and despoiled Indigenous people, some by the lash, others by imported disease, land theft, false treaties and mass deportation to the (also already inhabited) Western reaches of not-yet-America.
早期的美国人奴役并掠夺原住民,一些是通过鞭打,另一些则是通过输入疾病、盗窃土地、虚假条约和大规模驱逐到(也已经有人居住)尚未成为美国的西部地区。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[verb] steal or violently remove valuable or attractive possessions from; plunder
[动词] 盗窃或暴力拿走贵重或诱人的财物;掠夺
深入解读
Despoil 是一个与常见单词 spoil (毁掉;败坏;宠坏;娇惯)同源的单词,两者都源自于拉丁语 spoliare (剥去衣服、抢劫)。
其中 despoil 最早于13世纪由拉丁语 despoliare (抢劫、掠夺)经古法语 despoillier (剥夺、抢劫、偷窃;借)进入英语,主要也是用来表示“抢劫、掠夺、剥夺”,常用搭配 despoil sth (of sth) 并作书面用语使用,侧重指盗窃或暴力拿走贵重或诱人的财物而不暗示伴随有其他破坏,有时也意味着打着合法的幌子进行掠夺,或者指不经意或无意间地破坏某处的价值、吸引力或重要性。比如:
- 遭到入侵者洗劫的城市
a city despoiled by invaders - 那群破坏乡村景致的人在城里四处寻觅,想找一家合适的旅馆。
The people who despoiled the countryside roamed about the town trying to find a suitable hotel.
名著用例
All this he realised, now quite sharply, as he faced the city, cut off from his friends, despoiled of his modest fortune, and even his name, and forced to begin the battle for place and comfort all over again.
现在,当他面对这个城市时,他十分深刻地认识到这一切。这时的他,朋友来往已经断绝,他的那点财产,甚至连名字,都被剥夺了,他不得不从头开始为地位和幸福而奋斗。
出自美国现实主义作家西奥多·德莱赛(Theodore Dreiser)创作的长篇小说《嘉莉妹妹》(Sister Carrie)。参见:名著下载 | 嘉莉妹妹(Sister Carrie)
同近义词
- ravage: cause severe and extensive damage to
- harry: persistently carry out attacks on (an enemy or an enemy's territory)
- pillage: rob a (place) using violence, especially in wartime