Bartleby
巴托比
The dark and bright sides of power
权力的黑暗面与光明面
Bosses cannot afford to be oblivious to the effects of authority
老板们不可忽视权力的影响
- oblivious 表示“不知道的、未注意的、未察觉的”，多指对周围发生的事情毫无知觉的或未察觉的，强调缺乏主动有意识的注意，或者因认为事情微不足道或者过于琐碎而没有去注意或记住（参见：小词详解 | oblivious）
Power is a fact of corporate life. It also affects behaviour. Research suggests power makes people less likely to take the advice of others, even if those others are experts in their fields. It makes them more likely to gratify their physical needs. In a test conducted by Ana Guinote of University College London, powerful people were likelier than less powerful folk to choose tempting food, like chocolate, and ignore worthier snacks like radishes. In conversations, the powerful are bewitched by themselves: they rate their own stories as more inspiring than interlocutors’.
权力是企业生活中的现实存在。它也影响行为。研究表明，权力让人更不容易接受他人的建议，即使对方是自己行业里的专家。权力让人更可能去满足自己的生理需求。在伦敦大学学院的安娜·吉诺特（Ana Guinote）进行的测试中，有权有势者相比更弱小者更可能选择巧克力等诱人的食物，而对小萝卜等更有营养的零食不屑一顾。在交谈中，位居高位的人往往自我陶醉：他们认为自己的故事比对话者的更加鼓舞人心。
- gratify 表示“使高兴、使满意”或“满足、纵容”，常作正式用语使用，主要指通过满足个人的欲望、愿望、需要、良心或虚荣（vanity）等来为其提供精神愉悦（参见：小词详解 | gratify）
- tempting 吸引人的、诱人的、有吸引力的
- snack 点心、小吃、快餐
- radish 萝卜
- bewitch 迷住、迷惑；施魔法于、使中魔法
They struggle to see things from the perspective of others. In one famous experiment, some people were asked to recall a time they held power over someone else and others a time when another person was in a more powerful position than them; both groups were then asked to draw a capital “E” on their own foreheads. Subjects primed to think of themselves as powerful were three times more likely to draw the “E” as though they were looking at it themselves, making it appear backwards to anyone else.
他们更不容易从别人的视角看问题。在一个著名的实验中，研究人员要求一组人回忆自己位居人上的时刻，而要求另一组人回忆自己屈居人下之时，然后让两组人都在自己额头上画一个大写的“E”。在那些被提示自己拥有权力的受试者当中，从自己的目视角度来画“E”的比率是另一组的三倍，这样的“E”在其他人看来是写反了的。
- recall 记起、回忆起、回想起
- prime 把（事物）准备好
Power even makes people think they are taller. In another experiment, those coaxed to think of themselves as powerful were more likely to overestimate their own height relative to a pole, and to pick a loftier avatar to represent them in a game, than less potent counterparts.
权力甚至会让人觉得自己个子更高。在另一项实验中，被诱导而自觉强有力的人相比不那么有权的人更可能高估自己（相对于一根杆子）的身高，也更容易在游戏中为自己选择一个高个子化身。
- coax 指“哄劝、劝诱”，即温和、友善、耐心且坚持不懈地说服某人做某事或去某个地方（参见：小词详解 | coax）
- lofty （建筑物、山等）巍峨的、高耸的
- potent 表示“强有力的、有影响的、有权势的”，侧重指拥有某种隐藏的或潜在的（latent）的，而非可观察到的或可测量的巨大的力量、权威、影响等，能够实现或带来特定的效果（参见：小词详解 | potent）
- counterpart 职位（或作用）相当的人；对应的事物
