2024年政府工作报告（双语全文）

2024年3月15日 文摘

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政府工作报告
REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

——2024年3月5日在第十四届全国人民代表大会第二次会议上
Delivered at the Second Session of the 14th National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China on March 5, 2024

国务院总理　李强
Li Qiang
Premier of the State Council

各位代表：
Fellow Deputies,

现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协委员提出意见。
On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and also for comments from members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

一、2023年工作回顾
I. A Review of Our Work in 2023

过去一年，是全面贯彻党的二十大精神的开局之年，是本届政府依法履职的第一年。面对异常复杂的国际环境和艰巨繁重的改革发展稳定任务，以习近平同志为核心的党中央团结带领全国各族人民，顶住外部压力、克服内部困难，付出艰辛努力，新冠疫情防控实现平稳转段、取得重大决定性胜利，全年经济社会发展主要目标任务圆满完成，高质量发展扎实推进，社会大局保持稳定，全面建设社会主义现代化国家迈出坚实步伐。
2023 was the first year for fully implementing the guiding principles from the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC). It was also this government’s first year to perform its duties in accordance with the law. In the face of an unusually complex international environment and the challenging tasks of advancing reform and development and ensuring stability at home, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core brought together the Chinese people of all ethnic groups and led them in withstanding external pressures and overcoming internal difficulties with dedicated efforts.

We secured a smooth transition in epidemic response following a major, decisive victory in the fight against Covid-19. The main goals and tasks for economic and social development in 2023 were accomplished, and we made steady progress in pursuing high-quality development, maintained overall social stability, and made solid advances in building a modern socialist country in all respects.

——经济总体回升向好。国内生产总值超过126万亿元，增长5.2%，增速居世界主要经济体前列。城镇新增就业1244万人，城镇调查失业率平均为5.2%。居民消费价格上涨0.2%。国际收支基本平衡。
—Overall economic recovery and growth were boosted.

China’s gross domestic product (GDP) surpassed 126 trillion yuan, an increase of 5.2 percent, ranking China among the fastest-growing major economies in the world. A total of 12.44 million urban jobs were added, and the average surveyed urban unemployment rate stood at 5.2 percent. The consumer price index (CPI) rose by 0.2 percent. A basic equilibrium was maintained in the balance of payments.

——现代化产业体系建设取得重要进展。传统产业加快转型升级，战略性新兴产业蓬勃发展，未来产业有序布局，先进制造业和现代服务业深度融合，一批重大产业创新成果达到国际先进水平。国产大飞机C919投入商业运营，国产大型邮轮成功建造，新能源汽车产销量占全球比重超过60%。
—Significant progress was made in building a modernized industrial system.

Traditional industries saw accelerated transformation and upgrading, strategic emerging industries achieved vigorous growth, and ground work was laid for developing industries of the future. Advanced manufacturing was further integrated with modern services, and a number of world-class innovations were made in major industries. C919, a homemade airliner, went into commercial operation, and a domestically-built large cruise ship was delivered. China accounted for over 60 percent of global electric vehicle output and sales.

——科技创新实现新的突破。国家实验室体系建设有力推进。关键核心技术攻关成果丰硕，航空发动机、燃气轮机、第四代核电机组等高端装备研制取得长足进展，人工智能、量子技术等前沿领域创新成果不断涌现。技术合同成交额增长28.6%。创新驱动发展能力持续提升。
—New breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation.

We made major headway in establishing a system of national laboratories and achieved fruitful results in developing core technologies in key fields. Substantial progress was made in the research and development (R&D) of high-end equipment, such as aircraft engines, gas turbines, and 4th-generation nuclear power units. A stream of innovations emerged in frontier areas such as artificial intelligence (AI) and quantum technology. The volume of contracted technology transactions grew by 28.6 percent. These achievements have further enhanced our capacity for innovation-driven development.

——改革开放向纵深推进。新一轮机构改革中央层面基本完成，地方层面有序展开。加强全国统一大市场建设。实施国有企业改革深化提升行动，出台促进民营经济发展壮大政策。自贸试验区建设布局进一步完善。出口占国际市场份额保持稳定，实际使用外资结构优化，共建“一带一路”的国际影响力、感召力更为彰显。
—Reform and opening up were deepened.

The latest round of institutional reform at the central government level was generally completed, and such reform at the local government level proceeded in a well-planned way. We stepped up efforts to build a unified national market, launched an initiative to deepen and upgrade state-owned enterprise (SOE) reform, and adopted policies to spur the growth of the private sector. The layout of pilot free trade zones was further improved, and the global market share of China’s exports remained stable. The mix of utilized foreign investment was improved; the Belt and Road Initiative cooperation gained greater international influence and appeal.

——安全发展基础巩固夯实。粮食产量1.39万亿斤，再创历史新高。能源资源供应稳定。重要产业链供应链自主可控能力提升。经济金融重点领域风险稳步化解。现代化基础设施建设不断加强。
—The foundations for secure development were further consolidated.

Grain output reached a record of 695 million metric tons. The supply of energy and resources remained stable. China’s important industrial and supply chains became more self-supporting and related risks were better controlled. Steady progress was made in defusing major economic and financial risks. Infrastructure was further modernized.

——生态环境质量稳中改善。污染防治攻坚战深入开展，主要污染物排放量继续下降，地表水和近岸海域水质持续好转。“三北”工程攻坚战全面启动。可再生能源发电装机规模历史性超过火电，全年新增装机超过全球一半。
—The environment saw steady improvements.

Thanks to further steps to prevent and control pollution, the discharge of major pollutants continued to fall and the quality of surface water and offshore water continued to improve. The shelterbelt program in northeast, north, and northwest China entered a crucial stage. China’s installed renewable energy capacity surpassed its thermal power capacity for the first time in history, and China accounted for over half of newly installed renewable energy capacity worldwide.

——民生保障有力有效。居民人均可支配收入增长6.1%，城乡居民收入差距继续缩小。脱贫攻坚成果巩固拓展，脱贫地区农村居民收入增长8.4%。加大义务教育、基本养老、基本医疗等财政补助力度，扩大救助保障对象范围。提高“一老一小”个人所得税专项附加扣除标准，6600多万纳税人受益。加强城镇老旧小区改造和保障性住房供给，惠及上千万家庭。
—People’s wellbeing was ensured.

Per capita disposable income of residents increased by 6.1 percent, and the income gap between urban and rural residents continued to narrow. The gains of poverty elimination were consolidated and expanded, with per capita income in rural areas that have been lifted out of poverty growing by 8.4 percent. We increased subsidies for compulsory education, basic old-age insurance, and basic medical insurance and expanded the coverage of assistance and support. Over 66 million taxpayers benefited from an increase in special additional deductions for individual income tax, which cover children nursing expenses, children’s education, and elderly care expenses. We redoubled efforts to renovate old urban residential compounds and develop government-subsidized housing, benefiting over 10 million households.

回顾过去一年，多重困难挑战交织叠加，我国经济波浪式发展、曲折式前进，成绩来之不易。从国际看，世界经济复苏乏力，地缘政治冲突加剧，保护主义、单边主义上升，外部环境对我国发展的不利影响持续加大。从国内看，经历三年新冠疫情冲击，经济恢复发展本身有不少难题，长期积累的深层次矛盾加速显现，很多新情况新问题又接踵而至。外需下滑和内需不足碰头，周期性和结构性问题并存，一些地方的房地产、地方债务、中小金融机构等风险隐患凸显，部分地区遭受洪涝、台风、地震等严重自然灾害。在这种情况下，政策抉择和工作推进面临的两难多难问题明显增加。经过全国上下共同努力，不仅实现了全年预期发展目标，许多方面还出现积极向好变化。特别是我们深化了新时代做好经济工作的规律性认识，积累了克服重大困难的宝贵经验。实践充分表明，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，中国人民有勇气、有智慧、有能力战胜任何艰难险阻，中国发展必将长风破浪、未来可期！
Looking back at 2023, we can see that as we faced an array of interwoven difficulties and challenges, China’s economy grew in a wave-like fashion amid twists and turns. Indeed, our achievements did not come easily.

Globally, the economic recovery was sluggish. Geopolitical conflicts became more acute, protectionism and unilateralism were on the rise, and the external environment exerted a more adverse impact on China’s development.

Domestically, owing to the impact of a three-year Covid-19 pandemic, many difficulties facing our economic recovery and development had yet to be resolved. While deep-seated, long-standing issues became more pronounced, many new developments and problems emerged. A drop in external demand coincided with a lack of domestic demand, and both cyclical and structural issues existed. Risks and potential dangers in real estate, local government debt, and small and medium financial institutions were acute in some areas. Some places were hit hard by natural disasters, such as floods, typhoons, and earthquakes. Under these circumstances, we faced considerably more dilemmas in making policy decisions and doing our work.

However, thanks to the concerted efforts of the entire nation, we accomplished the year’s development goals and embraced positive changes on many fronts. In particular, we acquired a deeper understanding of the laws governing economic work in the new era and gained valuable experience in overcoming major difficulties. All this demonstrates that under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, the Chinese people have the courage, vision, and strength to meet any challenge and overcome any obstacle. There is no doubt that in pursuing development, China will continue to surge ahead, cleave mighty waves, and advance toward a great future.

一年来，我们深入学习贯彻党的二十大和二十届二中全会精神，按照党中央决策部署，主要做了以下工作。
Last year, we thoroughly studied and implemented the guiding principles from the 20th CPC National Congress and the Second Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee and implemented the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee. On that basis, we mainly carried out the following work:

一是加大宏观调控力度，推动经济运行持续好转。针对严峻挑战和疫后经济恢复特点，我们统筹稳增长和增后劲，突出固本培元，注重精准施策，把握宏观调控时、度、效，加强逆周期调节，不搞“大水漫灌”和短期强刺激，更多在推动高质量发展上用力，全年经济运行呈现前低中高后稳态势。围绕扩大内需、优化结构、提振信心、防范化解风险，延续优化一批阶段性政策，及时推出一批新政策，打出有力有效的政策组合拳。财政政策加力提效，加强重点领域支出保障，全年新增税费优惠超过2.2万亿元，增发1万亿元国债支持灾后恢复重建、提升防灾减灾救灾能力。货币政策精准有力，两次降低存款准备金率、两次下调政策利率，科技创新、先进制造、普惠小微、绿色发展等贷款大幅增长。出台支持汽车、家居、电子产品、旅游等消费政策，大宗消费稳步回升，生活服务消费加快恢复。发挥政府投资撬动作用，制定促进民间投资政策，能源、水利等基础设施和制造业投资较快增长。因城施策优化房地产调控，推动降低房贷成本，积极推进保交楼工作。制定实施一揽子化解地方债务方案，分类处置金融风险，守住了不发生系统性风险的底线。
1. We strengthened macro regulation and promoted steady economic recovery and growth.

In light of grave challenges and the particular conditions of the post-Covid economic recovery, we took coordinated steps to ensure stable growth and sustain its momentum, and gave priority to consolidating the foundations of the economy and taking targeted measures. We ensured the proper timing, intensity, and effect in conducting macro regulation, and strengthened counter-cyclical adjustments. We refrained from resorting to a deluge of stimulus policies or strong short-term stimulus measures, and made greater efforts to promote high-quality development. Over the course of the year, China’s economy experienced a slow start, but reached a midyear peak, and achieved stable growth in the latter half.

To expand domestic demand, improve the economic structure, bolster confidence, and prevent and defuse risks, we adopted a full range of robust and effective policies, namely, extending and improving a number of time-limited policies and rolling out a new batch of timely policies.

We enhanced the intensity and effectiveness of fiscal policies and ensured spending in key areas. Additional tax and fee relief measures introduced last year resulted in savings exceeding 2.2 trillion yuan, and an additional 1 trillion yuan of treasury bonds was issued to support post-disaster recovery and reconstruction and build up capacity for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief.

Monetary policies were implemented in a targeted and effective way. Required reserve ratios and policy interest rates were lowered two times, and there was a significant increase in loans issued to support scientific and technological innovation, advanced manufacturing, micro and small businesses, and green development initiatives.

Thanks to policies to boost consumer spending such as those on automobiles, home furnishing, electronic products, and tourism, spending on big-ticket items steadily picked up and consumption of consumer services recovered quickly.

We fully leveraged the role of government investment in boosting overall investment and adopted policies for promoting non-governmental investment. There was rapid growth in investments in energy and water conservancy infrastructure as well as the manufacturing sector.

We improved city-specific policies on real estate regulation, worked to lower housing mortgage costs, and ensured the delivery of housing projects. We formulated and implemented a package of steps to address local government debt, dealt with financial risks by type, and ensured that no systemic risks arose.

二是依靠创新引领产业升级，增强城乡区域发展新动能。强化国家战略科技力量，加快实施重大科技项目。全面部署推进新型工业化。出台稳定工业经济运行、支持先进制造业举措，提高重点行业企业研发费用加计扣除比例，推动重点产业链高质量发展，工业企业利润由降转升。数字经济加快发展，5G用户普及率超过50%。深入实施新型城镇化战略，进一步放宽放开城市落户条件，增强县城综合承载能力，常住人口城镇化率提高到66.2%。强化农业发展支持政策，有力开展抗灾夺丰收，实施新一轮千亿斤粮食产能提升行动，乡村振兴扎实推进。完善区域协调发展体制机制，在落实区域重大战略方面推出一批新举措，实施一批重大项目，区域发展协调性、平衡性不断增强。
2. We promoted industrial upgrading through innovation and gained new momentum for coordinated urban-rural and regional development.

To build China’s strength in strategic science and technology, we stepped up efforts to implement major science and technology programs. We adopted an overarching plan to advance new industrialization. We took measures to ensure the stable performance of the industrial sector and support advanced manufacturing, and increased the additional tax deductions for R&D expenses of enterprises in key industries. This helped promote high-quality development of key industrial chains. As a result, industrial enterprise profits stopped declining and began growing.

The digital economy posted rapid growth, and 5G penetration rate in China topped 50 percent. The new urbanization strategy was further advanced. Restrictions on permanent urban residency were further relaxed or lifted, the overall carrying capacity of county seats was increased, and the share of permanent urban residents in the total population rose to 66.2 percent.

We adopted stronger support policies to develop agriculture and took effective steps to protect against natural disasters and ensure good harvests. New initiatives were launched to increase grain production capacity by 50 million metric tons, and solid progress was made in rural revitalization.

The systems and mechanisms for coordinated regional development were refined. We adopted new measures and launched major projects to implement major regional strategies, thus ensuring better coordinated and more balanced regional development.

三是深化改革扩大开放，持续改善营商环境。出台建设全国统一大市场总体工作方案，清理一批妨碍公平竞争的政策规定。分别推出支持国有企业、民营企业、外资企业发展政策，建立政企常态化沟通交流机制，开展清理拖欠企业账款专项行动，加强违规收费整治。深化财税金融、农业农村、生态环保等领域改革。推动外贸稳规模、优结构，电动汽车、锂电池、光伏产品“新三样”出口增长近30%。完善吸引外资政策，拓展制度型开放。扎实推进共建“一带一路”高质量发展，与共建国家贸易投资较快增长。
3. We deepened reform, expanded opening up, and continued to improve the business environment.

A master plan for building a unified national market was released, and a number of policies and regulations that impeded fair competition were abolished. We adopted separate policies on supporting the development of SOEs, private enterprises, and foreign-funded enterprises, and put in place a mechanism for regular government-business communication. Special initiatives were launched to settle overdue payments owed to enterprises, and intensified efforts were made to end unjustified charges.

Reforms were deepened in the fiscal, taxation, and financial systems, in agriculture and rural areas, and in ecological conservation, environmental protection, and other areas. The volume of foreign trade remained stable and its mix was improved, and there was a 30-percent increase in exports of the “new trio,” namely, electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries, and photovoltaic products.

We improved policies to attract foreign investment and expanded institutional opening up. We took solid steps to promote high-quality Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) cooperation, achieving rapid growth in trade and investment with our BRI partners.

四是强化生态环境保护治理，加快发展方式绿色转型。深入推进美丽中国建设。持续打好蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战。加快实施重要生态系统保护和修复重大工程。抓好水土流失、荒漠化综合防治。加强生态环保督察。制定支持绿色低碳产业发展政策。推进重点行业超低排放改造。启动首批碳达峰试点城市和园区建设。积极参与和推动全球气候治理。
4. We stepped up efforts to protect and improve the environment and accelerated the transition to a model of green development.

We advanced the Beautiful China Initiative and continued efforts to keep the skies blue, waters clear, and lands clean. We accelerated the implementation of major projects for protecting and restoring key ecosystems. Comprehensive prevention and treatment of soil erosion and desertification were intensified. Environmental inspection was stepped up.

Policies were adopted to support the development of green and low-carbon industries. Ultra-low emission retrofitting was carried out in key industries. Trials for peaking carbon emissions began in the first group of cities and industrial parks. China actively participated in and promoted global climate governance.

五是着力抓好民生保障，推进社会事业发展。聚焦群众关切，办好民生实事。高度重视稳就业，出台支持企业稳岗拓岗政策，加强高校毕业生等重点群体就业促进服务，脱贫人口务工规模超过3300万。强化义务教育薄弱环节建设，做好“双减”工作，国家助学贷款提标降息惠及1100多万学生。落实新冠病毒感染“乙类乙管”措施，扎实做好流感、支原体肺炎等传染病防治。实施职工医保普通门诊统筹。加强社区综合服务设施建设，大力发展老年助餐服务。提高优抚标准。强化困难群众兜底保障。有效应对海河等流域特大洪涝灾害，做好甘肃积石山地震等抢险救援，加强灾后恢复重建。推动文化传承发展，旅游市场全面恢复。群众体育蓬勃开展，成都大运会、杭州亚运会和亚残运会成功举办，我国体育健儿勇创佳绩。
5. We made every effort to ensure public wellbeing and advanced the development of social programs.

We addressed the people’s concerns and delivered benefits to them. We adopted, with a strong emphasis on keeping employment stable, policies to support enterprises in stabilizing and expanding employment and improved services to help college graduates and other key groups secure employment. Over 33 million people lifted out of poverty found jobs last year.

We intensified efforts to shore up weak links in compulsory education and relieve students of excessive burdens from homework and off-campus tutoring. The cap on government-subsidized student loans was raised and their interest rates were lowered, benefiting more than 11 million college students.

Measures for dealing with Class B infectious diseases were applied in Covid-19 response, and solid steps were taken to prevent and control infectious diseases such as flu and mycoplasma pneumonia. Outpatient expenditures were covered by funds under unified management in the basic medical insurance system for urban employees.

We improved comprehensive public service facilities in communities and did more to develop assisted catering services for the elderly. Benefits for entitled groups were increased. We ensured that the basic needs of people in difficulty were met. We responded effectively to major floods in the Hai River basin and other basins, carried out rescue and relief operations in the earthquake-hit Jishishan of Gansu Province and other disaster-hit areas, and supported post-disaster recovery and reconstruction efforts.

We promoted cultural preservation and development and realized a full recovery in the tourism market. Recreational sports developed vigorously. The 2021 FISU World University Games in Chengdu and the 19th Asian Games and the 4th Asian Para Games in Hangzhou were successfully concluded, and Chinese athletes excelled in competition.

六是全面加强政府建设，大力提升治理效能。坚定维护以习近平同志为核心的党中央权威和集中统一领导，当好贯彻党中央决策部署的执行者、行动派、实干家。深入开展学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想主题教育。坚持把政治建设摆在首位，全面提高政府履职能力。深入推进法治政府建设。提请全国人大常委会审议法律议案10件，制定修订行政法规25部，实施提升行政执法质量三年行动。自觉依法接受监督。认真办理人大代表建议和政协委员提案。注重调查研究，努力使政策和工作符合实际、贴近群众。优化督查工作机制。加强党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争。严格落实中央八项规定精神，持续纠治“四风”，有力推进金融单位、国有企业等巡视整改工作。创新和完善城乡基层治理。扎实做好信访工作。狠抓安全生产和应急管理，开展重大事故隐患专项排查整治。推动完善国家安全体系。加强社会治安综合治理，有效打击电信网络诈骗等违法犯罪活动，平安中国建设取得新进展。
6. We worked to improve government performance across the board and redoubled efforts to enhance governance.

We were firm in upholding the authority of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and its centralized, unified leadership and took decisive, rapid, and effective steps to fully implement the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee. We launched initiatives to gain a good understanding of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and act on it. With top priority given to political advancement, we enhanced the government’s capacity to perform its duties in all areas.

We made further progress in building a rule of law government. We submitted 10 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress (NPC) for deliberation, formulated or revised 25 sets of administrative regulations, and launched a three-year action plan for improving administrative law enforcement. We readily accepted oversight in compliance with the law and handled with full attention suggestions and proposals from NPC deputies and CPPCC National Committee members.

We prioritized research and studies and saw to it that our policies and work were grounded in reality and pertained to public concerns. We improved the mechanisms for conducting inspections and made a stronger push to improve Party conduct, build integrity, and fight corruption. We strictly implemented the central Party leadership’s eight-point decision on improving work conduct, continued to rectify pointless formalities, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and effectively conducted inspections and rectifications in financial institutions, SOEs, and other institutions.

We developed new and improved ways of conducting governance in urban and rural communities and took solid steps to handle public complaints. We redoubled efforts to ensure workplace safety and improve emergency management and launched special initiatives to identify and address potential dangers that could cause major accidents.

China’s national security system was improved. We adopted a full range of steps to maintain law and order and cracked down hard on telecom and online fraud and other criminal activities, thus making new progress in building a Peaceful China.

一年来，中国特色大国外交全面推进。习近平主席等党和国家领导人出访多国，出席金砖国家领导人会晤、亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议、东亚合作领导人系列会议等重大多双边活动。成功举办中国－中亚峰会、第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛等重大主场外交活动。推动构建人类命运共同体，落实全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议，深化拓展全球伙伴关系，在解决国际和地区热点问题中发挥积极建设性作用。中国为促进世界和平与发展作出了重要贡献。
In 2023, we advanced major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics on all fronts. President Xi Jinping and other Party and state leaders visited many countries and attended major bilateral and multilateral events such as the 15th BRICS Summit, the 30th APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting, and the leaders’ meetings on East Asian cooperation. China hosted a number of major diplomatic events, including the China-Central Asia Summit and the Third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation.

We promoted the building of a human community with a shared future and strived to put into action the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative. We further expanded global partnerships and played an active and constructive role in addressing international and regional hotspot issues. With these efforts, China has made important contributions to global peace and development.

各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,

过去一年取得的成绩，根本在于习近平总书记领航掌舵，在于习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想科学指引，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民团结奋斗的结果。我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示衷心感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示衷心感谢！向关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示衷心感谢！
We owe our achievements in 2023 to General Secretary Xi Jinping, who is at the helm charting the course, to the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, to the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, and to the concerted efforts of the whole Party, the armed forces, and Chinese people of all ethnic groups.

On behalf of the State Council, I express sincere gratitude to all our people, and to all other political parties, people’s organizations, and public figures from all sectors of society. I express heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas. I also express heartfelt thanks to the governments of other countries, international organizations, and friends across the world who have shown understanding and support for us in China as we pursue modernization.

在肯定成绩的同时，我们也清醒看到面临的困难和挑战。世界经济增长动能不足，地区热点问题频发，外部环境的复杂性、严峻性、不确定性上升。我国经济持续回升向好的基础还不稳固，有效需求不足，部分行业产能过剩，社会预期偏弱，风险隐患仍然较多，国内大循环存在堵点，国际循环存在干扰。部分中小企业和个体工商户经营困难。就业总量压力和结构性矛盾并存，公共服务仍有不少短板。一些地方基层财力比较紧张。科技创新能力还不强。重点领域改革仍有不少硬骨头要啃。生态环境保护治理任重道远。安全生产的薄弱环节不容忽视。政府工作存在不足，形式主义、官僚主义现象仍较突出，一些改革发展举措落实不到位。有的干部缺乏担当实干精神，消极避责、做表面文章。一些领域腐败问题仍然多发。我们一定直面问题和挑战，尽心竭力做好工作，决不辜负人民期待和重托！
While recognizing our achievements, we are keenly aware of problems and challenges that confront us.

Global economic growth lacks steam, 寸steminc taewms at the local government level were carried out in an orderly mannerand regional hotspot issues keep erupting. China’s external environment has become more complex, severe, and uncertain.

The foundation for China’s sustained economic recovery and growth is not solid enough, as evidenced by a lack of effective demand, overcapacity in some industries, weak public expectations, and many lingering risks and hidden dangers. Furthermore, there are blockages in domestic economic flows, and the global economy is affected by disruptions.

Some small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and self-employed individuals face difficulties in their operations. We are confronted with both pressure on overall job creation and structural employment problems, and there are still many weak links in public services. Some primary-level governments are facing fiscal difficulties.

China’s capacity for scientific and technological innovation needs to be further improved. There are still many challenging issues concerning reforms in key areas that need to be addressed. We have a long way to go in protecting and improving the environment, and weak links in workplace safety should not be ignored.

There is also room for improvement in the work of the government. Pointless formalities and bureaucratism remain acute, and some reform and development steps have yet to be fully implemented. Some officials lack the readiness to get down to work, evade responsibilities, and do their work in a perfunctory way. Corruption remains a common problem in some sectors.

But you can rest assured that we will face these problems and challenges head-on, make every effort to deliver, and do our utmost to live up to the expectations and trust of the people.

二、2024年经济社会发展总体要求和政策取向
II. Overall Requirements and Policy Orientation for Economic and Social Development in 2024

今年是中华人民共和国成立75周年，是实现“十四五”规划目标任务的关键一年。做好政府工作，要在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻落实党的二十大和二十届二中全会精神，按照中央经济工作会议部署，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，加快构建新发展格局，着力推动高质量发展，全面深化改革开放，推动高水平科技自立自强，加大宏观调控力度，统筹扩大内需和深化供给侧结构性改革，统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴，统筹高质量发展和高水平安全，切实增强经济活力、防范化解风险、改善社会预期，巩固和增强经济回升向好态势，持续推动经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长，增进民生福祉，保持社会稳定，以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业。
This year marks the 75th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China. It is also a crucial year for achieving the objectives and tasks laid down in the 14th Five-Year Plan. For the government to deliver, it is important, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, to do the following:

  • follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era
  • implement the guiding principles from the Party’s 20th National Congress and the Second Plenary Session of the 20th Party Central Committee
  • act on the guidelines of the Central Economic Work Conference
  • adhere to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability
  • fully and faithfully apply the new development philosophy on all fronts, move faster to create a new pattern of development, and promote high-quality development
  • deepen reform and opening up across the board
  • achieve greater self-reliance and strength in science and technology
  • strengthen macro regulation
  • expand domestic demand and deepen supply-side structural reform
  • promote new urbanization and all-around rural revitalization in a coordinated way
  • ensure both high-quality development and greater security
  • boost economic vitality, prevent and defuse risks, and improve public expectations
  • consolidate and build momentum for economic recovery and growth
  • continue to effectively pursue higher-quality economic growth and appropriately increase economic output
  • improve the people’s wellbeing
  • maintain overall social stability

These efforts will ensure that we make further progress in building a great country and advancing national rejuvenation on all fronts through Chinese modernization.

综合分析研判，今年我国发展面临的环境仍是战略机遇和风险挑战并存，有利条件强于不利因素。我国具有显著的制度优势、超大规模市场的需求优势、产业体系完备的供给优势、高素质劳动者众多的人才优势，科技创新能力在持续提升，新产业、新模式、新动能在加快壮大，发展内生动力在不断积聚，经济回升向好、长期向好的基本趋势没有改变也不会改变，必须增强信心和底气。同时要坚持底线思维，做好应对各种风险挑战的充分准备。只要我们贯彻落实好党中央决策部署，紧紧抓住有利时机、用好有利条件，把各方面干事创业的积极性充分调动起来，一定能战胜困难挑战，推动经济持续向好、行稳致远。
A comprehensive analysis and assessment shows that China’s development environment this year will continue to feature both strategic opportunities and challenges, with favorable conditions outweighing unfavorable ones.

China has distinctive institutional strengths and the advantages of vast market demand, a complete industrial system to ensure supply, and a huge and high-caliber workforce. In addition, our country’s capacity for scientific and technological innovation continues to grow, new industries, new business models, and new growth drivers are expanding at a faster pace, and the internal drive for development is building. The underlying trend of economic recovery and long-term growth remains unchanged and will not change. So we must be more confident and more assured of ourselves.

On the other hand, we should not lose sight of worst-case scenarios and should be well prepared for all risks and challenges. As long as we fully implement the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee, make good use of all favorable opportunities and conditions, and fully leverage the motivation, dedication, and creativity of everyone, we will undoubtedly overcome difficulties and challenges and promote sound and steady economic growth.

今年发展主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长5%左右；城镇新增就业1200万人以上，城镇调查失业率5.5%左右；居民消费价格涨幅3%左右；居民收入增长和经济增长同步；国际收支保持基本平衡；粮食产量1.3万亿斤以上；单位国内生产总值能耗降低2.5%左右，生态环境质量持续改善。
The main targets for development this year are projected as follows:

  • GDP growth of around 5 percent
  • over 12 million new urban jobs
  • surveyed urban unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent
  • CPI increase of around 3 percent
  • growth in personal income in step with economic growth
  • a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments
  • grain output of over 650 million metric tons
  • a drop of around 2.5 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP
  • continued improvements in the environment

提出上述预期目标，综合考虑了国内外形势和各方面因素，兼顾了需要和可能。经济增长预期目标为5%左右，考虑了促进就业增收、防范化解风险等需要，并与“十四五”规划和基本实现现代化的目标相衔接，也考虑了经济增长潜力和支撑条件，体现了积极进取、奋发有为的要求。实现今年预期目标并非易事，需要政策聚焦发力、工作加倍努力、各方面齐心协力。
In setting these targets, we have considered evolving dynamics at home and abroad and other relevant factors as well as what is needed and what is possible. In setting the growth rate at around 5 percent, we have taken into account the need to boost employment and incomes and prevent and defuse risks. This growth rate is well aligned with the objectives of the 14th Five-Year Plan and the goal of basically realizing modernization. It also takes account of the potential for growth and the conditions supporting growth and reflects the requirement to pursue progress and strive to deliver. Achieving this year’s targets will not be easy, so we need to maintain policy focus, work harder, and mobilize the concerted efforts of all sides.

我们要坚持稳中求进、以进促稳、先立后破。稳是大局和基础，各地区各部门要多出有利于稳预期、稳增长、稳就业的政策，谨慎出台收缩性抑制性举措，清理和废止有悖于高质量发展的政策规定。进是方向和动力，该立的要积极主动立起来，该破的要在立的基础上坚决破，特别是要在转方式、调结构、提质量、增效益上积极进取。强化宏观政策逆周期和跨周期调节，继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，加强政策工具创新和协调配合。
We should adhere to the principles of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, promoting stability through progress, and establishing the new before abolishing the old.

Stability is of overall importance, as it is the basis for everything we do. All localities and government departments should adopt more policies that are conducive to keeping expectations, economic growth, and employment stable. They should take good care in formulating measures that could be contractionary or inhibitive in nature and overhaul or abolish policies and regulations that hinder high-quality development.

Making progress is our goal, and it is also what motivates us. Therefore, we should proactively establish what is needed and resolutely abolish what is obsolete once the new is in place. In particular, we must push ahead with transforming the growth model, making structural adjustments, improving quality, and enhancing performance.

We should intensify counter- and cross-cyclical adjustments through macro policies, continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, and strengthen coordination between policy instruments while developing new ones.

积极的财政政策要适度加力、提质增效。综合考虑发展需要和财政可持续，用好财政政策空间，优化政策工具组合。赤字率拟按3%安排，赤字规模4.06万亿元，比上年年初预算增加1800亿元。预计今年财政收入继续恢复增长，加上调入资金等，一般公共预算支出规模28.5万亿元、比上年增加1.1万亿元。拟安排地方政府专项债券3.9万亿元、比上年增加1000亿元。为系统解决强国建设、民族复兴进程中一些重大项目建设的资金问题，从今年开始拟连续几年发行超长期特别国债，专项用于国家重大战略实施和重点领域安全能力建设，今年先发行1万亿元。现在很多方面都需要增加财政投入，要大力优化支出结构，强化国家重大战略任务和基本民生财力保障，严控一般性支出。中央财政加大对地方均衡性转移支付力度、适当向困难地区倾斜，省级政府要推动财力下沉，兜牢基层“三保”底线。落实好结构性减税降费政策，重点支持科技创新和制造业发展。严肃财经纪律，加强财会监督，严禁搞面子工程、形象工程，坚决制止铺张浪费。各级政府要习惯过紧日子，真正精打细算，切实把财政资金用在刀刃上、用出实效来。
We should appropriately enhance the intensity of our proactive fiscal policy and improve its quality and effectiveness.

We should take into account both development needs and fiscal sustainability, leverage fiscal policy space, and improve the policy toolkit. We have set the deficit-to-GDP ratio for this year at 3 percent and the government deficit at 4.06 trillion yuan, an increase of 180 billion yuan over the 2023 budget figure. It is projected that fiscal revenue will continue to grow in 2024 and we will also have funds transferred from other sources; on this basis, general public expenditures in the government budget are projected to reach 28.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.1 trillion yuan over last year. This year, 3.9 trillion yuan of special-purpose bonds for local governments will be issued, an increase of 100 billion yuan over last year.

To systematically address funding shortages facing some major projects for building a great country and advancing national rejuvenation, it is proposed that, starting this year and over each of the next several years, ultra-long special treasury bonds be issued. These bonds will be used to implement major national strategies and build up security capacity in key areas. One trillion yuan of such bonds will be issued in 2024.

Additional government investment is needed in many sectors this year. This means that we should further improve the structure of government spending, ensure sufficient funding for major national strategic tasks and efforts to meet the people’s basic living needs, and strictly control general expenditures.

The central government will increase transfer payments to local governments for ensuring equal access to basic public services, which will appropriately tilt toward regions facing economic difficulty. Governments at the provincial level, meanwhile, should allocate more fiscal resources to lower-level governments to see that, at the primary level, basic living needs are met, salaries are paid, and governments function smoothly.

We should fully implement structural tax and fee reduction policies, with priority given to supporting scientific and technological innovation and the development of the manufacturing sector.

We must tighten up financial and economic discipline and intensify oversight on accounting. Prestige and vanity projects and wasteful and excessive spending will be strictly prohibited. Governments at every level must get used to keeping their belts tightened, run on lean budgets, and ensure that fiscal funds are used where they are needed most and to the best effect.

稳健的货币政策要灵活适度、精准有效。保持流动性合理充裕，社会融资规模、货币供应量同经济增长和价格水平预期目标相匹配。加强总量和结构双重调节，盘活存量、提升效能，加大对重大战略、重点领域和薄弱环节的支持力度。促进社会综合融资成本稳中有降。畅通货币政策传导机制，避免资金沉淀空转。增强资本市场内在稳定性。保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。大力发展科技金融、绿色金融、普惠金融、养老金融、数字金融。优化融资增信、风险分担、信息共享等配套措施，更好满足中小微企业融资需求。
We should implement a prudent monetary policy in a flexible, appropriate, targeted, and effective way.

We should maintain adequate liquidity at a proper level and see that aggregate financing and money supply stay in step with the projected economic growth and CPI increase. We should adjust both the monetary aggregate and structure, put idle funds to good use, and step up support for major strategies, key areas, and weak links. We should work for a steady decline in overall financing costs. We should improve the monetary policy transmission mechanism to prevent funds from sitting idle or simply circulating within the financial sector. The underlying stability of the capital market should be enhanced.

The RMB exchange rate should remain generally stable at an adaptive, balanced level. We should boost the development of technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, and digital finance. To better meet the fundraising needs of micro, small, and medium enterprises, supporting measures such as credit enhancement, risk sharing, and information sharing should be improved.

增强宏观政策取向一致性。围绕发展大局，加强财政、货币、就业、产业、区域、科技、环保等政策协调配合，把非经济性政策纳入宏观政策取向一致性评估，强化政策统筹，确保同向发力、形成合力。各地区各部门制定政策要认真听取和吸纳各方面意见，涉企政策要注重与市场沟通、回应企业关切。实施政策要强化协同联动、放大组合效应，防止顾此失彼、相互掣肘。研究储备政策要增强前瞻性、丰富工具箱，并留出冗余度，确保一旦需要就能及时推出、有效发挥作用。加强对政策执行情况的跟踪评估，以企业和群众满意度为重要标尺，及时进行调整和完善。精准做好政策宣传解读，营造稳定透明可预期的政策环境。
We should enhance the consistency of macro policy orientation.

To promote overall national development, we should strengthen coordination between fiscal, monetary, employment, industrial, regional, scientific and technological, and environmental policies and include noneconomic policies in evaluating the consistency of macro policy orientation. Policy coordination should be enhanced so that all policies are well-aligned and form synergy.

In policymaking, all localities and government departments should heed and draw on the propositions and views of all parties concerned. They should pay attention to the views of market entities and address their concerns when formulating enterprise-related policies.

In policy implementation, we should strengthen coordination and interplay between policies to see that together they deliver greater outcomes. We should avoid focusing on one single policy to the detriment of others or letting one policy impede another.

In developing policy options, we should be forward looking and expand our policy toolkit. We should leave sufficient leeway so that policies can be rolled out and produce the desired effect as soon as they are called for.

We should strengthen follow-up evaluations of policy implementation, taking the degree of satisfaction among enterprises and the people as an important yardstick, and make timely policy adjustments and improvements. We should communicate policies to the public in a well-targeted way to create a stable, transparent, and predictable policy environment.

完成今年发展目标任务，必须深入贯彻习近平经济思想，集中精力推动高质量发展。强化系统观念，把握和处理好重大关系，从整体上深入谋划和推进各项工作。坚持质量第一、效益优先，继续固本培元，增强宏观调控针对性有效性，注重从企业和群众期盼中找准工作着眼点、政策发力点，努力实现全年增长目标。坚持高质量发展和高水平安全良性互动，在坚守安全底线的前提下，更多为发展想办法、为企业助把力。坚持在发展中保障和改善民生，注重以发展思维看待补民生短板问题，在解决人民群众急难愁盼中培育新的经济增长点。从根本上说，推动高质量发展要靠改革。我们要以更大的决心和力度深化改革开放，促进有效市场和有为政府更好结合，持续激发和增强社会活力，推动高质量发展取得新的更大成效。
In order to fulfill the development goals and tasks for this year, we must act on Xi Jinping Thought on the Economy and devote full energy to promoting high-quality development. We should apply systems thinking, pay attention to and properly handle major relationships, and develop in-depth plans and advance all areas of work with the overall picture in mind.

As we strive to achieve this year’s growth targets, we should put quality first and give priority to performance, continue to consolidate the foundations of the economy, make macro regulation more targeted and effective, and keep in mind the expectations of enterprises and the people when deciding on work and policy priorities.

We should ensure that high-quality development and greater security reinforce each other and do more to pursue development and provide assistance to enterprises on the basis of ensuring security.

We should continue to improve the people’s wellbeing as we pursue development, address inadequacies in public wellbeing from the perspective of development, and foster new growth drivers in the course of solving pressing difficulties and problems that concern the people most.

Ultimately, high-quality development depends on reform. We should deepen reform and opening up with greater resolve and effort, promote better interplay between an efficient market and a well-functioning government, further stimulate and boost the vitality of our society, and strive to make greater progress in pursuing high-quality development.

三、2024年政府工作任务
III. Major Tasks for 2024

党中央对今年工作作出了全面部署，我们要深入贯彻落实，紧紧抓住主要矛盾，着力突破瓶颈制约，扎实做好各项工作。
The CPC Central Committee has adopted overall guidelines for this year’s work. We must fully carry them out, stay focused on principal issues, and work to remove development bottlenecks, so as to deliver a good performance.

（一）大力推进现代化产业体系建设，加快发展新质生产力。充分发挥创新主导作用，以科技创新推动产业创新，加快推进新型工业化，提高全要素生产率，不断塑造发展新动能新优势，促进社会生产力实现新的跃升。
1. Striving to modernize the industrial system and developing new quality productive forces at a faster pace

We should give full rein to the leading role of innovation, spur industrial innovation by making innovations in science and technology and press ahead with new industrialization, so as to raise total factor productivity, steadily foster new growth drivers and strengths, and promote a new leap forward in the productive forces.

推动产业链供应链优化升级。保持工业经济平稳运行。实施制造业重点产业链高质量发展行动，着力补齐短板、拉长长板、锻造新板，增强产业链供应链韧性和竞争力。实施制造业技术改造升级工程，培育壮大先进制造业集群，创建国家新型工业化示范区，推动传统产业高端化、智能化、绿色化转型。加快发展现代生产性服务业。促进中小企业专精特新发展。弘扬工匠精神。加强标准引领和质量支撑，打造更多有国际影响力的“中国制造”品牌。
We will work to upgrade industrial and supply chains.

We will ensure the stable performance of the industrial sector. An initiative for pursuing high-quality development of key manufacturing chains will be launched, with a focus on shoring up weak links, reinforcing strengths, and fostering new capabilities, so as to enhance the resilience and competitiveness of industrial and supply chains.

We will carry out technology transformation and upgrading in the manufacturing sector, foster and build up advanced manufacturing clusters, and develop national demonstration zones for new industrialization to make traditional industries higher-end, smarter, and more eco-friendly.

Modern producer services will be developed at a faster pace. We will promote the development of SMEs that use specialized and sophisticated technologies to produce novel and unique products. We will call for the pursuit of superior workmanship. We will also provide stronger guidance and support on quality and standards to create more Chinese brands with global reach.

积极培育新兴产业和未来产业。实施产业创新工程，完善产业生态，拓展应用场景，促进战略性新兴产业融合集群发展。巩固扩大智能网联新能源汽车等产业领先优势，加快前沿新兴氢能、新材料、创新药等产业发展，积极打造生物制造、商业航天、低空经济等新增长引擎。制定未来产业发展规划，开辟量子技术、生命科学等新赛道，创建一批未来产业先导区。鼓励发展创业投资、股权投资，优化产业投资基金功能。加强重点行业统筹布局和投资引导，防止产能过剩和低水平重复建设。
We will actively foster emerging industries and future-oriented industries.

We will launch industrial innovation projects, improve the industrial ecosystem, expand application of innovations, and promote integrated and clustered development of strategic emerging industries.

We will consolidate and enhance our leading position in industries such as intelligent connected new-energy vehicles, step up development of hydrogen power, new materials, innovative drugs and other cutting-edge sectors, and foster new growth engines in fields such as biomanufacturing, commercial spaceflight, and the low-altitude economy.

We will formulate development plans for the industries of the future, open up new fields such as quantum technology and life sciences, and create a number of zones for pioneering the development of future-oriented industries. We will encourage the development of venture capital and equity investment and improve the functions of industrial investment funds. We will strengthen coordination, planning, and investment guidance for key sectors to prevent overcapacity and poor-quality, redundant development.

深入推进数字经济创新发展。制定支持数字经济高质量发展政策，积极推进数字产业化、产业数字化，促进数字技术和实体经济深度融合。深化大数据、人工智能等研发应用，开展“人工智能+”行动，打造具有国际竞争力的数字产业集群。实施制造业数字化转型行动，加快工业互联网规模化应用，推进服务业数字化，建设智慧城市、数字乡村。深入开展中小企业数字化赋能专项行动。支持平台企业在促进创新、增加就业、国际竞争中大显身手。健全数据基础制度，大力推动数据开发开放和流通使用。适度超前建设数字基础设施，加快形成全国一体化算力体系，培育算力产业生态。我们要以广泛深刻的数字变革，赋能经济发展、丰富人民生活、提升社会治理现代化水平。
We will promote innovative development of the digital economy.

We will formulate policies to support high-quality development of the digital economy. We will actively develop the digital industry, transform traditional industries with digital technologies, and fully integrate digital technology into the real economy.

We will step up R&D and application of big data and AI, launch an AI Plus initiative, and build digital industry clusters with international competitiveness. We will work to digitalize the manufacturing sector and fast-track the large-scale application of the Industrial Internet. We will also promote the digitalization of the service sector, build smart cities and digital villages, and launch SME digital empowerment initiatives. We will support platform enterprises in playing their part in promoting innovation, boosting employment, and competing on the international stage.

We will improve basic data systems and vigorously promote the development, openness, distribution, and utilization of data. We will develop appropriately future-oriented digital infrastructure, work faster to create a nationally unified computing system, and foster industrial ecosystems for computing. We will pursue a profound and wide-ranging digital transformation to drive economic development, enrich people’s lives, and make new advances in modernizing social governance.

（二）深入实施科教兴国战略，强化高质量发展的基础支撑。坚持教育强国、科技强国、人才强国建设一体统筹推进，创新链产业链资金链人才链一体部署实施，深化教育科技人才综合改革，为现代化建设提供强大动力。
2. Invigorating China through science and education and consolidating the foundations for high-quality development

We will make holistic and coordinated efforts to strengthen China’s education, science and technology, and workforce, integrate planning and policy implementation for innovation, industrial, capital, and talent chains, and deepen comprehensive reforms of education, science and technology, and human resources, so as to create a strong impetus for our modernization drive.

加强高质量教育体系建设。全面贯彻党的教育方针，坚持把高质量发展作为各级各类教育的生命线。制定实施教育强国建设规划纲要。落实立德树人根本任务，推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设。开展基础教育扩优提质行动，加快义务教育优质均衡发展和城乡一体化，改善农村寄宿制学校办学条件，持续深化“双减”，推动学前教育普惠发展，加强县域普通高中建设。减轻中小学教师非教学负担。办好特殊教育、继续教育，引导规范民办教育发展，大力提高职业教育质量。实施高等教育综合改革试点，优化学科专业和资源结构布局，加快建设中国特色、世界一流的大学和优势学科，建强应用型本科高校，增强中西部地区高校办学实力。加强学生心理健康教育。大力发展数字教育。弘扬教育家精神，建设高素质专业化教师队伍。我们要坚持教育优先发展，加快推进教育现代化，厚植人民幸福之本，夯实国家富强之基。
We will develop a high-quality education system.

We will fully implement the Party’s education policy and regard high-quality development as the lifeblood of education of various types at all levels. We will formulate and implement a national program for strengthening education. We will carry out the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education and promote integrated development of the political education curriculum across all levels, from elementary school to university.

We will launch an initiative to upgrade basic education, accelerate high-quality, well-balanced development and urban-rural integration of compulsory education, improve conditions in boarding schools in rural areas, and continue efforts to relieve students of excessive burdens from homework and off-campus tutoring. We will enhance public-interest preschool education and promote the development of regular county high schools. We will work to alleviate the non-teaching workload of secondary and primary school teachers. We will improve special needs education and continuing education, guide and regulate the development of private education, and redouble efforts to improve vocational education.

We will pilot comprehensive higher-education reform, optimize the composition of disciplines and majors and the layout of resources, and accelerate efforts to develop world-class universities and leading disciplines with Chinese features. We will strengthen applied undergraduate education and improve the operational capacity of higher education institutions in central and western regions. Mental health education for students will be enhanced. We will vigorously develop digital education.

We will promote the ethos of educators and see that teachers are professionally competent. We will give high priority to the development of education and speed up efforts to modernize education so as to lay a solid foundation for enhancing the wellbeing of our people and the prosperity of our nation.

加快推动高水平科技自立自强。充分发挥新型举国体制优势，全面提升自主创新能力。强化基础研究系统布局，长期稳定支持一批创新基地、优势团队和重点方向，增强原始创新能力。瞄准国家重大战略需求和产业发展需要，部署实施一批重大科技项目。集成国家战略科技力量、社会创新资源，推进关键核心技术协同攻关，加强颠覆性技术和前沿技术研究。完善国家实验室运行管理机制，发挥国际和区域科技创新中心辐射带动作用。加快重大科技基础设施体系化布局，推进共性技术平台、中试验证平台建设。强化企业科技创新主体地位，激励企业加大创新投入，深化产学研用结合，支持有实力的企业牵头重大攻关任务。加强健康、养老、助残等民生科技研发应用。加快形成支持全面创新的基础制度，深化科技评价、科技奖励、科研项目和经费管理制度改革，健全“揭榜挂帅”机制。加强知识产权保护，制定促进科技成果转化应用的政策举措。广泛开展科学普及。培育创新文化，弘扬科学家精神，涵养优良学风。扩大国际科技交流合作，营造具有全球竞争力的开放创新生态。
We will move faster to boost self-reliance and strength in science and technology.

We will fully leverage the strengths of the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide to raise China’s capacity for innovation across the board. We will plan basic research systematically and provide long-term, sustained support to a number of innovation bases, teams with distinctive strengths, and research priorities, so as to enhance our capacity for original innovation.

To meet major national strategic demands and demands of industrial development, we will launch a number of major science and technology programs. We will pool our country’s strategic scientific and technological strength and non-governmental innovation resources to make breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields and step up research on disruptive and frontier technologies.

We will improve the running of national laboratories and leverage the leading role of international and regional centers for scientific and technological innovation. We will speed up the systematic planning of major scientific and technological infrastructure and promote the development of generic technology platforms and pilot-scale testing platforms.

We will reinforce the principal role of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, encourage enterprises to increase investment in innovation, promote closer collaboration between industries, universities, research institutes, and end-users, and support enterprises with distinctive strengths in heading up major R&D projects.

We will strengthen R&D and application of technologies that promote people’s wellbeing in fields such as health, elderly care, and assistance for people with disabilities. We will speed up efforts to establish basic systems for supporting all-around innovation, further reform the appraisal and reward systems for scientific and technological advances and the management system for research projects and funding, and improve the open competition mechanism for selecting the best candidates to lead research projects.

We will bolster intellectual property rights protection and formulate policies and measures for better application of scientific and technological advances. Extensive efforts will be made to raise science literacy among the public. We will foster a culture of innovation, champion the spirit of our nation’s scientists, and promote fine academic conduct. We will expand science and technology exchanges and cooperation with other countries and create an open and globally competitive innovation ecosystem.

全方位培养用好人才。实施更加积极、更加开放、更加有效的人才政策。推进高水平人才高地和吸引集聚人才平台建设，促进人才区域合理布局和协调发展。加快建设国家战略人才力量，努力培养造就更多一流科技领军人才和创新团队，完善拔尖创新人才发现和培养机制，建设基础研究人才培养平台，打造卓越工程师和高技能人才队伍，加大对青年科技人才支持力度。积极推进人才国际交流。加快建立以创新价值、能力、贡献为导向的人才评价体系，优化工作生活保障和表彰奖励制度。我们要在改善人才发展环境上持续用力，形成人尽其才、各展其能的良好局面。
We will develop and make best use of talent in all sectors.

We will adopt more active, open, and effective policies on talent. We will develop hubs for high-caliber personnel and platforms for attracting and gathering talent and promote better distribution and balanced development of talent across all regions.

We will speed up efforts to build a contingent of personnel with expertise of strategic importance, cultivate more first-class scientists and innovation teams, and improve mechanisms for identifying and nurturing top-tier innovators. We will develop platforms for fostering basic research talent, train high-performing engineers and highly-skilled workers, and enhance support for young scientists and engineers. We will actively promote international personnel exchanges.

We will accelerate efforts to develop a personnel evaluation system based on innovation-related merit, capability, and contribution and improve systems for rewarding talent and ensuring their work and living conditions. We will continue efforts to foster a favorable environment for talent development that enables talented people to unleash their full potential..

（三）着力扩大国内需求，推动经济实现良性循环。把实施扩大内需战略同深化供给侧结构性改革有机结合起来，更好统筹消费和投资，增强对经济增长的拉动作用。
3. Expanding domestic demand and promoting sound economic flows

We will integrate the strategy of expanding domestic demand with efforts to deepen supply-side structural reform and better coordinate consumption and investment, so as to more effectively drive economic growth.

促进消费稳定增长。从增加收入、优化供给、减少限制性措施等方面综合施策，激发消费潜能。培育壮大新型消费，实施数字消费、绿色消费、健康消费促进政策，积极培育智能家居、文娱旅游、体育赛事、国货“潮品”等新的消费增长点。稳定和扩大传统消费，鼓励和推动消费品以旧换新，提振智能网联新能源汽车、电子产品等大宗消费。推动养老、育幼、家政等服务扩容提质，支持社会力量提供社区服务。优化消费环境，开展“消费促进年”活动，实施“放心消费行动”，加强消费者权益保护，落实带薪休假制度。实施标准提升行动，加快构建适应高质量发展要求的标准体系，推动商品和服务质量不断提高，更好满足人民群众改善生活需要。
We will promote steady growth in consumer spending.

We will take a full range of steps to unlock potential demand by increasing incomes, improving supply, and reducing restrictions. We will develop new types of consumption, launch policies to promote digital, environmentally-friendly, and health-related consumption, and foster new areas of consumption growth such as smart homes, entertainment, tourism, sports events, and domestic brands with Chinese design elements.

While stabilizing and expanding conventional consumption, we will encourage and promote consumer goods trade-in programs and boost spending on intelligent connected new-energy vehicles, electronic products, and other big-ticket items. Efforts will be made to upgrade elderly and child care, housekeeping and other services and make them more accessible, and support will be given to private entities providing community services.

To improve the consumption environment, we will launch a year-long program to stimulate consumption and roll out a “worry-free consumption” initiative. We will strengthen protection of consumer rights and interests and fully implement paid leave. An initiative will be launched to upgrade standards and speed up the establishment of a system of standards to facilitate high-quality development. This will ensure steady improvement in the quality of goods and services and meet the people’s needs for a better life.

积极扩大有效投资。发挥好政府投资的带动放大效应，重点支持科技创新、新型基础设施、节能减排降碳，加强民生等经济社会薄弱领域补短板，推进防洪排涝抗灾基础设施建设，推动各类生产设备、服务设备更新和技术改造，加快实施“十四五”规划重大工程项目。今年中央预算内投资拟安排7000亿元。合理扩大地方政府专项债券投向领域和用作资本金范围，额度分配向项目准备充分、投资效率较高的地区倾斜。统筹用好各类资金，防止低效无效投资。深化投资审批制度改革。着力稳定和扩大民间投资，落实和完善支持政策，实施政府和社会资本合作新机制，鼓励民间资本参与重大项目建设。进一步拆除各种藩篱，在更多领域让民间投资进得来、能发展、有作为。
We will work to increase effective investment.

We will fully leverage the stimulating and multiplier effects of government investment, with a focus on supporting major scientific and technological innovation programs, new types of infrastructure, and energy conservation and pollution and carbon reduction initiatives. We will increase efforts to shore up weak links in economic and social development, such as projects for ensuring people’s wellbeing. We will build infrastructure for flood prevention, drainage, and disaster response, encourage upgrading and technological transformation of production and service equipment, and accelerate implementation of major projects included in the 14th Five-Year Plan.

This year, 700 billion yuan will be earmarked in the central government budget for investment. We will appropriately expand the range of areas and uses to which funds from the sale of local government special-purpose bonds can be channeled. These funds will be weighted toward regions where projects are well-prepared and investments are more effective. We will ensure all funds are used in a coordinated manner and guard against ineffective and wasteful investments.

We will further reform the investment approval system. We will strive to stabilize and further expand private investment by improving and implementing supporting policies. We will put in place a new mechanism for cooperation between government and private capital to encourage private investment in major projects. We will do more to remove various barriers so that private investment can enter, develop, and play its part in more fields.

（四）坚定不移深化改革，增强发展内生动力。推进重点领域和关键环节改革攻坚，充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用，营造市场化、法治化、国际化一流营商环境，推动构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制。
4. Continuing to deepen reform and boosting internal momentum for development

We will press ahead with critical reform tasks in key areas and at crucial links. We will see that the market plays the decisive role in the allocation of resources and the government better fulfills its role. We will foster a world-class business environment that is market-oriented, law-based, and internationalized and strive to build a high-standard socialist market economy.

激发各类经营主体活力。国有企业、民营企业、外资企业都是现代化建设的重要力量。要不断完善落实“两个毫不动摇”的体制机制，为各类所有制企业创造公平竞争、竞相发展的良好环境。完善中国特色现代企业制度，打造更多世界一流企业。深入实施国有企业改革深化提升行动，做强做优主业，增强核心功能、提高核心竞争力。建立国有经济布局优化和结构调整指引制度。全面落实促进民营经济发展壮大的意见及配套举措，进一步解决市场准入、要素获取、公平执法、权益保护等方面存在的突出问题。提高民营企业贷款占比、扩大发债融资规模，加强对个体工商户分类帮扶支持。实施降低物流成本行动，健全防范化解拖欠企业账款长效机制，坚决查处乱收费、乱罚款、乱摊派。弘扬优秀企业家精神，积极支持企业家专注创新发展、敢干敢闯敢投、踏踏实实把企业办好。
We will work to stimulate the vitality of market entities.

SOEs, private businesses, and foreign-funded companies all play an important role in China’s modernization drive. We will work unswervingly both to consolidate and develop the public sector and to encourage, support, and guide development of the non-public sector. We will strive to create a sound environment in which enterprises under all forms of ownership can compete and grow on a level playing field.

We will improve the modern corporate system with distinctive Chinese features and cultivate more world-class enterprises. The initiative to deepen and upgrade SOE reform will be advanced to see that SOEs improve their core business, enhance their core functions, and increase their core competitiveness. We will establish a system to provide guidance on improving the layout and adjusting structure of the state-owned sector.

We will fully implement the guidelines and their supporting measures on promoting the development of the private sector and further address prominent problems concerning market access, access to factors of production, impartial law enforcement, and protection of rights and interests.

The share of loans to private businesses will be increased, and the scale of financing for private businesses raised through bond issuance will be expanded. We will provide more assistance and support to self-employed individuals on a category-by-category basis.

We will take steps to reduce logistic costs, improve the long-term mechanism for preventing and settling overdue payments owed to private businesses, and take resolute action to crack down on the imposition of arbitrary charges, fines, and quotas. We will promote fine entrepreneurial spirit and support entrepreneurs in focusing on innovative development, seizing the initiative to make bold explorations and invest in new operations, and leading their companies to greater success.

加快全国统一大市场建设。制定全国统一大市场建设标准指引。着力推动产权保护、市场准入、公平竞争、社会信用等方面制度规则统一。深化要素市场化配置综合改革试点。出台公平竞争审查行政法规，完善重点领域、新兴领域、涉外领域监管规则。专项治理地方保护、市场分割、招商引资不当竞争等突出问题，加强对招投标市场的规范和管理。坚持依法监管，严格落实监管责任，提升监管精准性和有效性，坚决维护公平竞争的市场秩序。
We will move faster to build a unified national market.

We will formulate guidance on standards for the development of a unified national market, with a focus on the establishment of unified rules and institutions covering areas such as property rights protection, market access, fair competition, and social credit. Comprehensive reform trials for the market-based allocation of production factors will be advanced. We will issue administrative regulations for fair competition review and improve regulatory rules covering key areas, emerging fields, and foreign-related domains.

We will take targeted steps to address prominent problems, such as local protection, market segmentation, and unfair competition in attracting foreign investment, and step up regulation over public bidding. We will conduct law-based regulation, strictly perform our regulatory functions, and make regulation more targeted and more effective to ensure fair market competition.

推进财税金融等领域改革。建设高水平社会主义市场经济体制改革先行区。谋划新一轮财税体制改革，落实金融体制改革部署，加大对高质量发展的财税金融支持。深化电力、油气、铁路和综合运输体系等改革，健全自然垄断环节监管体制机制。深化收入分配、社会保障、医药卫生、养老服务等社会民生领域改革。
We will advance fiscal, tax, and financial reforms.

We will set up pilot reform zones for building a high-standard socialist market economy and make plans for new reforms for the fiscal and taxation systems. We will implement plans for the reform of the financial system and increase fiscal, tax, and financial support to promote high-quality development. We will advance reforms in areas such as the electricity, oil and gas, and railway sectors and the integrated transportation system, and improve the system and mechanism for regulating sectors of natural monopoly. Reform will also be advanced in areas important to the people’s lives, including income distribution, social security, medicine, healthcare, and elderly care.

（五）扩大高水平对外开放，促进互利共赢。主动对接高标准国际经贸规则，稳步扩大制度型开放，增强国内国际两个市场两种资源联动效应，巩固外贸外资基本盘，培育国际经济合作和竞争新优势。
5. Pursuing higher-standard opening up and promoting mutual benefits

We will promote alignment with high-standard international economic and trade rules, steadily expand institutional opening up, and amplify the interplay between domestic and international markets and resources. We will ensure the overall stable performance of foreign trade and foreign investment and foster new strengths in international economic cooperation and competition.

推动外贸质升量稳。加强进出口信贷和出口信保支持，优化跨境结算、汇率风险管理等服务，支持企业开拓多元化市场。促进跨境电商等新业态健康发展，优化海外仓布局，支持加工贸易提档升级，拓展中间品贸易、绿色贸易等新增长点。积极扩大优质产品进口。完善边境贸易支持政策。全面实施跨境服务贸易负面清单。出台服务贸易、数字贸易创新发展政策。加快内外贸一体化发展。办好进博会、广交会、服贸会、数贸会、消博会等重大展会。加快国际物流体系建设，打造智慧海关，助力外贸企业降本提效。
We will work to steadily increase the volume and raise the quality of foreign trade.

We will intensify support for import and export credit and export credit insurance and improve cross-border settlements, risk management for foreign exchange, and other services; we will support businesses in diversifying overseas markets. We will promote the healthy development of cross-border e-commerce and other new forms of business. Efforts will be made to optimize the layout of overseas warehouses, facilitate the upgrading of the processing trade, and increase new growth drivers for foreign trade, including trade in intermediate goods and green trade.

Imports of high-quality goods will be boosted. Policies to support border trade will be improved. We will fully apply the negative list for cross-border trade in services and adopt policies to promote innovative development of trade in services and digital trade. We will promote coordinated development of domestic and foreign trade. Major trade events will be hosted, such as the China International Import Expo, the China Import and Export Fair, the China International Fair for Trade in Services, the Global Digital Trade Expo, and the China International Consumer Products Expo. We will move faster to build an international logistic services system, carry out the Smart Customs initiative, and help foreign trade enterprises lower costs and boost efficiency.

加大吸引外资力度。继续缩减外资准入负面清单，全面取消制造业领域外资准入限制措施，放宽电信、医疗等服务业市场准入。扩大鼓励外商投资产业目录，鼓励外资企业境内再投资。落实好外资企业国民待遇，保障依法平等参与政府采购、招标投标、标准制定，推动解决数据跨境流动等问题。加强外商投资服务保障，打造“投资中国”品牌。提升外籍人员来华工作、学习、旅游便利度，优化支付服务。深入实施自贸试验区提升战略，赋予自贸试验区、海南自由贸易港等更多自主权，推动开发区改革创新，打造对外开放新高地。
We will intensify efforts to attract foreign investment.

We will further shorten the negative list for foreign investment. All market access restrictions on foreign investment in manufacturing will be abolished, and market access restrictions in services sectors, such as telecommunications and healthcare, will be reduced.

We will expand the Catalog of Encouraged Industries for Foreign Investment and encourage foreign-funded enterprises in China to reinvest in China. We will ensure national treatment for foreign-funded enterprises and see that they can participate in government procurement, bidding, and standard-setting processes in accordance with the law and on an equal footing. Steps will be taken to resolve issues such as cross-border flows of data.

We will strengthen services for foreign investors and make China a favored destination for foreign investment. We will make it easier for foreign nationals to work, study, and travel in China and optimize payment services for them. We will keep working to upgrade pilot free trade zones, delegate more decision-making power to free trade zones and the Hainan Free Trade Port, and encourage development zones to engage in reform and break new ground, so as to develop themselves into new pacesetters for opening up.

推动高质量共建“一带一路”走深走实。抓好支持高质量共建“一带一路”八项行动的落实落地。稳步推进重大项目合作，实施一批“小而美”民生项目，积极推动数字、绿色、创新、健康、文旅、减贫等领域合作。加快建设西部陆海新通道。
We will strive for solid progress in high-quality Belt and Road cooperation.

We will carry out the eight major measures for supporting high-quality Belt and Road cooperation. We will steadily advance cooperation on major projects and implement a number of “small and beautiful” projects for improving the people’s wellbeing. We will promote cooperation in fields such as digital development, green development, innovation, health, culture, tourism, and poverty reduction. Development of the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor will be accelerated.

深化多双边和区域经济合作。推动落实已生效自贸协定，与更多国家和地区商签高标准自贸协定和投资协定。推进中国－东盟自贸区3.0版谈判，推动加入《数字经济伙伴关系协定》、《全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》。全面深入参与世贸组织改革，推动建设开放型世界经济，让更多合作共赢成果惠及各国人民。
We will deepen multilateral, bilateral, and regional economic cooperation.

We will work for the implementation of free trade agreements that have come into force and conclude high-standard free trade agreements and investment treaties with more countries and regions. We will move forward with negotiations on building a Version 3.0 China-ASEAN Free Trade Area and work toward joining the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership. We will get fully involved in the reform of the World Trade Organization and promote the building of an open global economy, so that the fruits of mutually beneficial cooperation will benefit people around the world.

（六）更好统筹发展和安全，有效防范化解重点领域风险。坚持以高质量发展促进高水平安全，以高水平安全保障高质量发展，标本兼治化解房地产、地方债务、中小金融机构等风险，维护经济金融大局稳定。
6. Ensuring both development and security and effectively preventing and defusing risks in key areas

We will continue to ensure greater security through high-quality development and promote high-quality development with a greater degree of security. We will defuse risks in real estate, local government debt, and small and medium financial institutions by addressing both symptoms and root causes. By doing so, we will safeguard overall economic and financial stability.

稳妥有序处置风险隐患。完善重大风险处置统筹协调机制，压实企业主体责任、部门监管责任、地方属地责任，提升处置效能，牢牢守住不发生系统性风险的底线。优化房地产政策，对不同所有制房地产企业合理融资需求要一视同仁给予支持，促进房地产市场平稳健康发展。统筹好地方债务风险化解和稳定发展，进一步落实一揽子化债方案，妥善化解存量债务风险、严防新增债务风险。稳妥推进一些地方的中小金融机构风险处置。严厉打击非法金融活动。
We will take prudent and well-ordered steps to address risks and hidden dangers.

We will improve the coordination mechanisms for addressing major risks and ensure that all relevant responsibilities are fulfilled, including the primary responsibilities of enterprises, the oversight responsibilities of competent government departments, and the jurisdictional responsibilities of local governments. We must boost our capacity for addressing major risks to see that no systemic risks arise.

We will refine real estate policies and meet justified financing demands of real estate enterprises under various forms of ownership on an equal basis, so as to promote the steady and healthy development of the real estate market.

We will make concerted efforts to defuse local government debt risks while ensuring stable development. We will implement a package of measures to defuse risks caused by existing debts and guard against risks arising from new debts.

We will take prudent steps to defuse risks in small and medium financial institutions in some localities and take tough measures against illegal financial activities.

健全风险防控长效机制。适应新型城镇化发展趋势和房地产市场供求关系变化，加快构建房地产发展新模式。加大保障性住房建设和供给，完善商品房相关基础性制度，满足居民刚性住房需求和多样化改善性住房需求。建立同高质量发展相适应的政府债务管理机制，完善全口径地方债务监测监管体系，分类推进地方融资平台转型。健全金融监管体制，提高金融风险防控能力。
We will improve the long-term mechanisms for preventing and controlling risks.

We will, in response to the trend of new urbanization and supply and demand changes in the housing market, move faster to foster a new development model for real estate. We will scale up the building and supply of government-subsidized housing and improve the basic systems for commodity housing to meet people’s essential need for a home to live in and their different demands for better housing.

We will develop government debt management mechanisms that meet the needs of high-quality development, improve monitoring and oversight systems for the unified management of local government debt, and transform local financing platforms on a categorized basis.

We will improve the system of financial regulation and raise our capacity for preventing and controlling financial risks.

加强重点领域安全能力建设。完善粮食生产收储加工体系，全方位夯实粮食安全根基。推进国家水网建设。强化能源资源安全保障，加大油气、战略性矿产资源勘探开发力度。加快构建大国储备体系，加强重点储备设施建设。提高网络、数据等安全保障能力。有效维护产业链供应链安全稳定，支撑国民经济循环畅通。
We will build up our security capacity in key areas.

We will improve the systems for grain production, storage, and processing and take comprehensive steps to consolidate the foundation of food security. We will move forward with building a national water network and do more to ensure energy and resource security by stepping up the exploration and development of oil, natural gas, and strategic mineral resources.

We will work faster to establish a national reserve system that meets the needs of a large country like China and build more major reserve facilities. Our capacity for ensuring internet and data security will be further enhanced. We will effectively safeguard the security and stability of industrial and supply chains to ensure smooth flows in the national economy.

（七）坚持不懈抓好“三农”工作，扎实推进乡村全面振兴。锚定建设农业强国目标，学习运用“千村示范、万村整治”工程经验，因地制宜、分类施策，循序渐进、久久为功，推动乡村全面振兴不断取得实质性进展、阶段性成果。
7. Making sustained efforts to deliver in work relating to agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents and taking solid steps to advance rural revitalization

We will strive to build a strong agricultural sector. With this goal in mind, we will draw on and apply the experience from the Green Rural Revival Program in Zhejiang Province. We will adopt a category-based, region-specific, and phased approach to continuously secure substantive progress and deliver anticipated outcomes in each stage of rural revitalization.

加强粮食和重要农产品稳产保供。稳定粮食播种面积，巩固大豆扩种成果，推动大面积提高单产。适当提高小麦最低收购价，在全国实施三大主粮生产成本和收入保险政策，健全种粮农民收益保障机制。加大产粮大县支持力度，完善主产区利益补偿机制。扩大油料生产，稳定畜牧业、渔业生产能力，发展现代设施农业。支持节水农业、旱作农业发展。加强病虫害和动物疫病防控。加大种业振兴、农业关键核心技术攻关力度，实施农机装备补短板行动。严守耕地红线，完善耕地占补平衡制度，加强黑土地保护和盐碱地综合治理，提高高标准农田建设投资补助水平。各地区都要扛起保障国家粮食安全责任。我们这样一个人口大国，必须践行好大农业观、大食物观，始终把饭碗牢牢端在自己手上。
We will ensure stable production and supply of grain and other major agricultural products.

We will keep the total grain acreage stable, consolidate the increase in soybean production, and increase per unit crop yield on a large scale. We will raise as appropriate the minimum purchase price for wheat, implement nationwide full-cost insurance and income insurance for the three main grain crops of rice, wheat, and corn, and improve mechanisms for ensuring the incomes of grain growers. We will give greater support to major grain-producing counties and refine the mechanism for giving incentives to major grain-producing areas.

We will expand production of oilseed crops, keep production in the livestock and fishery industries stable, and develop modern protected agriculture. Support will be given to develop water-efficient agriculture and dry farming. More effective steps will be taken to prevent and control crop diseases and pests and animal epidemics. We will redouble efforts to invigorate the seed industry and make breakthroughs in key agricultural technologies. We will launch an initiative to address weaknesses in agricultural machinery and equipment.

To ensure that the total area of China’s farmland remains above the specified red line, we will refine the system for offsetting cultivated land that has been put to other uses. We will strengthen chernozem soil protection and improve saline-alkali land in an integrated way. Investment subsidies for high-standard cropland development will be increased.

All local governments must shoulder their share of responsibility for ensuring national food security. As China has a large population, we must adopt an all-encompassing approach to agriculture and food and ensure that China’s food supply remains firmly in our own hands.

毫不放松巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果。加强防止返贫监测和帮扶工作，确保不发生规模性返贫。支持脱贫地区发展特色优势产业，推进防止返贫就业攻坚行动，强化易地搬迁后续帮扶。深化东西部协作和定点帮扶。加大对国家乡村振兴重点帮扶县支持力度，建立健全农村低收入人口和欠发达地区常态化帮扶机制，让脱贫成果更加稳固、成效更可持续。
We will keep working to consolidate and expand our achievements in poverty alleviation.

We will strengthen monitoring and assistance to prevent people from falling back into poverty and see that no large-scale return to poverty occurs. We will help areas that have shaken off poverty develop distinctive and competitive local industries, launch employment promotion initiatives to prevent any return to poverty, and enhance follow-up support for people who have been relocated from inhospitable areas.

We will advance east-west cooperation and targeted assistance, increase support for key counties receiving national assistance for rural revitalization, and establish sound mechanisms to provide regular assistance to low-income rural residents and less-developed areas. With these efforts, we will further consolidate and sustain our achievements in poverty alleviation.

稳步推进农村改革发展。深化农村土地制度改革，启动第二轮土地承包到期后再延长30年整省试点。深化集体产权、集体林权、农垦、供销社等改革，促进新型农村集体经济发展。着眼促进农民增收，壮大乡村富民产业，发展新型农业经营主体和社会化服务，培养用好乡村人才。繁荣发展乡村文化，持续推进农村移风易俗。深入实施乡村建设行动，大力改善农村水电路气信等基础设施和公共服务，加强充电桩、冷链物流、寄递配送设施建设，加大农房抗震改造力度，持续改善农村人居环境，建设宜居宜业和美乡村。
We will steadily advance rural reform and development.

We will deepen reform of the rural land system and launch province-wide trials on extending rural land contracts by another 30 years upon the expiration of second-round contracts. We will push forward with reforms on collective property rights, collective forest tenure, state farms, and supply and marketing cooperatives, and boost the development of new types of rural collective economies.

We will, with a focus on increasing rural incomes, boost the development of rural industries that benefit local people and develop new types of agribusinesses and commercial agricultural services. We will strive to build a skilled rural workforce and see that it is put to best use. We will promote a flourishing rural culture and make steady efforts to change outdated social mores.

In pursuing rural development initiatives, we will make a major push to upgrade rural infrastructure and public services such as water, electricity and gas supplies, roads, and communications services. We will build more electric vehicle charging facilities, cold-chain logistics, and courier delivery facilities in rural areas. We will renovate houses in rural areas to make them earthquake-resistant and further improve the rural living environment. With these efforts, we will turn the countryside into a beautiful and harmonious place for people to live and work in.

（八）推动城乡融合和区域协调发展，大力优化经济布局。深入实施区域协调发展战略、区域重大战略、主体功能区战略，把推进新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴有机结合起来，加快构建优势互补、高质量发展的区域经济格局。
8. Promoting integrated development between urban and rural areas, advancing coordinated development between regions, and optimizing regional economic layout

We will thoroughly implement the coordinated regional development strategy, major regional strategies, and the functional zoning strategy. We will promote all-around rural revitalization and new urbanization in a coordinated way and move faster to create a regional economic landscape featuring complementary strengths and high-quality development.

积极推进新型城镇化。我国城镇化还有很大发展提升空间。要深入实施新型城镇化战略行动，促进各类要素双向流动，形成城乡融合发展新格局。把加快农业转移人口市民化摆在突出位置，深化户籍制度改革，完善“人地钱”挂钩政策，让有意愿的进城农民工在城镇落户，推动未落户常住人口平等享受城镇基本公共服务。培育发展县域经济，补齐基础设施和公共服务短板，使县城成为新型城镇化的重要载体。注重以城市群、都市圈为依托，促进大中小城市协调发展。推动成渝地区双城经济圈建设。稳步实施城市更新行动，推进“平急两用”公共基础设施建设和城中村改造，加快完善地下管网，推动解决老旧小区加装电梯、停车等难题，加强无障碍环境、适老化设施建设，打造宜居、智慧、韧性城市。新型城镇化要处处体现以人为本，提高精细化管理和服务水平，让人民群众享有更高品质的生活。
We will actively advance new urbanization.

There is still much to be achieved in China’s urbanization endeavors. We will step up efforts to pursue strategic initiatives for new urbanization, promote the two-way flow of production factors between urban and rural areas, and develop a new model of integrated urban-rural development.

As a matter of priority, we will move faster to grant permanent urban residency to eligible people who have moved to cities from rural areas. We will deepen reform of the household registration system and refine the policies for linking transfer payment increases and the amount of local land designated for urban development to the number of urban residency approvals local governments grant. We will ensure that all rural migrant workers in cities can obtain permanent urban residency if they so desire and that urban residents without local household registration enjoy equal access to basic public services.

We will foster and develop county economies and shore up weak links in infrastructure and public services as we promote new urbanization with a focus on county seats. We will leverage the role of city clusters and metropolitan areas in promoting coordinated development of large, medium, and small cities. The development of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic zone will be sped up.

Urban renewal projects will be steadily advanced. We will build dual-use public infrastructure that can accommodate emergency needs, redevelop urban villages, and move faster to improve underground pipeline networks. We will resolve problems such as the need to install elevators and parking shortages in old residential compounds, and develop barrier-free and age-friendly facilities. These steps will help make our cities livable, smart, and resilient.

New urbanization should be people-centered in every respect. We will upgrade both management and services and enable people to enjoy a higher quality of life.

提高区域协调发展水平。充分发挥各地区比较优势，按照主体功能定位，积极融入和服务构建新发展格局。深入实施西部大开发、东北全面振兴、中部地区加快崛起、东部地区加快推进现代化等战略，提升东北和中西部地区承接产业转移能力。支持京津冀、长三角、粤港澳大湾区等经济发展优势地区更好发挥高质量发展动力源作用。抓好标志性项目在雄安新区落地建设。持续推进长江经济带高质量发展，推动黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展。支持革命老区、民族地区加快发展，加强边疆地区建设，统筹推进兴边富民行动。优化重大生产力布局，加强国家战略腹地建设。制定主体功能区优化实施规划，完善配套政策。大力发展海洋经济，建设海洋强国。
We will pursue better coordinated regional development.

We will fully leverage the comparative advantages of all regions and encourage them to, based on their defined functions, integrate into and contribute to the creation of a new development pattern.

We will thoroughly implement the strategies for the large-scale development of the western region, full revitalization of northeast China, accelerated rise of the central region, and faster modernization of the eastern region. We will boost the capacity of the northeastern, central, and western regions for absorbing relocated industries.

We will support regions with advantages in economic development—the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area—in better playing their role as drivers of high-quality development. We will work to ensure the implementation of landmark projects in the Xiong’an New Area. We will continue to promote high-quality development of the Yangtze Economic Belt as well as ecological conservation and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin.

We will support old revolutionary base areas and areas with large ethnic minority populations in accelerating development, strengthen development of border areas, and advance the program for boosting development and raising living standards in border areas.

We will improve the layout of major productive forces and bolster the development of China’s strategic hinterland. We will formulate an implementation plan for optimizing functional zones and improve relevant supporting policies. We will vigorously develop the marine economy and work to build a strong maritime country.

（九）加强生态文明建设，推进绿色低碳发展。深入践行绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，协同推进降碳、减污、扩绿、增长，建设人与自然和谐共生的美丽中国。
9. Enhancing ecological conservation and promoting green and low-carbon development

Acting on the principle that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, we will make concerted efforts to cut carbon emissions, reduce pollution, pursue green development, and boost economic growth so as to build a Beautiful China featuring harmony between humanity and nature.

推动生态环境综合治理。深入实施空气质量持续改善行动计划，统筹水资源、水环境、水生态治理，加强土壤污染源头防控，强化固体废物、新污染物、塑料污染治理。坚持山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治理，加强生态环境分区管控。组织打好“三北”工程三大标志性战役，推进以国家公园为主体的自然保护地建设。加强重要江河湖库生态保护治理。持续推进长江十年禁渔。实施生物多样性保护重大工程。完善生态产品价值实现机制，健全生态保护补偿制度，充分调动各方面保护和改善生态环境的积极性。
We will take comprehensive steps to improve the environment.

We will further implement the action plan for continuously improving air quality, make coordinated efforts to improve water resources, aquatic environments, and aquatic ecosystems, and better prevent and control soil contamination at the source. Control and treatment of solid waste, new pollutants, and plastic pollution will be stepped up.

We will take a holistic and systematic approach to the protection and conservation of mountain, water, forest, farmland, grassland, and desert ecosystems and adopt a stronger region-specific approach to environmental management. We will make full preparations to ensure the success of the three landmark projects for the shelterbelt program in northwest, north, and northeast China, and advance the development of a system of protected areas with national parks as the mainstay.

We will promote the ecological conservation and improvement of important rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, continue to enforce the 10-year fishing ban on the Yangtze River, and carry out major biodiversity conservation programs. We will improve the mechanisms for realizing the market value of ecosystem goods and services and the systems of compensation for ecological conservation to motivate everyone to get involved in environmental conservation and protection.

大力发展绿色低碳经济。推进产业结构、能源结构、交通运输结构、城乡建设发展绿色转型。落实全面节约战略，加快重点领域节能节水改造。完善支持绿色发展的财税、金融、投资、价格政策和相关市场化机制，推动废弃物循环利用产业发展，促进节能降碳先进技术研发应用，加快形成绿色低碳供应链。建设美丽中国先行区，打造绿色低碳发展高地。
We will boost the green and low-carbon economy.

We will push forward with the green transformation of the industrial structure, the energy mix, and the transportation sector as well as urban and rural development. We will implement a comprehensive conservation strategy and accelerate efforts to upgrade water and energy conservation facilities in key sectors. We will improve fiscal, tax, financial, investment, and pricing policies in support of green development as well as relevant market-based mechanisms.

We will support the development of industries for recycling waste and used materials, encourage the R&D and application of advanced energy-saving and carbon-reducing technologies, and accelerate the development of green and low-carbon supply chains. We will launch pilot zones for the Beautiful China Initiative and foster pacesetters for green and low-carbon development.

积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和。扎实开展“碳达峰十大行动”。提升碳排放统计核算核查能力，建立碳足迹管理体系，扩大全国碳市场行业覆盖范围。深入推进能源革命，控制化石能源消费，加快建设新型能源体系。加强大型风电光伏基地和外送通道建设，推动分布式能源开发利用，提高电网对清洁能源的接纳、配置和调控能力，发展新型储能，促进绿电使用和国际互认，发挥煤炭、煤电兜底作用，确保经济社会发展用能需求。
We will actively and prudently work toward peaking carbon dioxide emissions and achieving carbon neutrality.

We will carry out the 10 major initiatives for peaking carbon emissions and improve our carbon accounting and verification capacities. We will develop a carbon footprint management system and expand the coverage of the national carbon market to more sectors.

We will advance the energy revolution, tighten control over fossil fuels consumption, and work faster to develop a new energy system. We will step up the building of large-scale wind and photovoltaic power bases and transmission routes and promote the development and use of distributed energy sources. We will enhance power grids’ capacity for absorbing, distributing, and regulating clean energy and create new ways of storing energy and encourage the use and international mutual recognition of green electricity. We will see that coal and coal-fired power play their crucial role in ensuring energy supply and our energy supply meets the needs of economic and social development.

（十）切实保障和改善民生，加强和创新社会治理。坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，履行好保基本、兜底线职责，采取更多惠民生、暖民心举措，扎实推进共同富裕，促进社会和谐稳定，不断增强人民群众的获得感、幸福感、安全感。
10. Ensuring and improving the people’s wellbeing and promoting better and new ways of conducting social governance

Acting on the people-centered development philosophy, we will fulfill our responsibilities to meet people’s basic needs and provide a cushion for those most in need and take more steps to deliver real benefits to the people to their satisfaction. We will make solid progress toward prosperity for all and promote social harmony and stability. By doing so, we will give our people a growing sense of fulfillment, happiness, and security.

多措并举稳就业促增收。就业是最基本的民生。要突出就业优先导向，加强财税、金融等政策对稳就业的支持，加大促就业专项政策力度。落实和完善稳岗返还、专项贷款、就业和社保补贴等政策，加强对就业容量大的行业企业支持。预计今年高校毕业生超过1170万人，要强化促进青年就业政策举措，优化就业创业指导服务。扎实做好退役军人就业安置工作，积极促进农民工就业，加强对残疾人等就业困难人员帮扶。分类完善灵活就业服务保障措施，扩大新就业形态就业人员职业伤害保障试点。坚决纠正性别、年龄、学历等就业歧视，保障农民工工资支付，完善劳动关系协商协调机制，维护劳动者合法权益。适应先进制造、现代服务、养老照护等领域人才需求，加强职业技能培训。多渠道增加城乡居民收入，扩大中等收入群体规模，努力促进低收入群体增收。
We will take a wide range of steps to stabilize employment and increase incomes.

As employment is the most basic component of the people’s wellbeing, we will give greater priority to it. We will better leverage fiscal, tax, financial, and other policies to stabilize employment, and roll out more special policies to promote employment.

To keep employment stable, we will implement and improve policies on unemployment insurance premium refunds, special loans, and employment and social insurance subsidies, and we will provide more support to sectors and enterprises with a large capacity for creating jobs.

Over 11.7 million students are due to graduate from college this year, and we must do more to promote employment for young people and provide better guidance and services to help them secure jobs or start businesses. We will take solid steps to support ex-service members in getting settled and finding employment and work actively to ensure employment for rural migrant workers. More employment assistance will be provided to jobseekers facing difficulties in securing employment including people with disabilities.

We will improve services and assistance for people in flexible employment based on their type of employment and expand trials of occupational injury insurance for people in new forms of employment. We will take resolute steps against gender, age, and education discrimination in the workplace and ensure that the wages of rural migrant workers are paid. We will improve the consultation and mediation mechanisms for labor relations to protect the lawful rights and interests of workers.

We will enhance vocational skills training to meet job demands in sectors such as advanced manufacturing, modern services, and elderly care. We will work to increase the incomes of urban and rural residents through multiple channels, expand the size of the middle-income group, and increase the incomes of low-income earners.

提高医疗卫生服务能力。继续做好重点传染病防控。居民医保人均财政补助标准提高30元。促进医保、医疗、医药协同发展和治理。推动基本医疗保险省级统筹，完善国家药品集中采购制度，强化医保基金使用常态化监管，落实和完善异地就医结算。深化公立医院改革，以患者为中心改善医疗服务，推动检查检验结果互认。着眼推进分级诊疗，引导优质医疗资源下沉基层，加强县乡村医疗服务协同联动，扩大基层医疗卫生机构慢性病、常见病用药种类。加强罕见病研究、诊疗服务和用药保障。加快补齐儿科、老年医学、精神卫生、医疗护理等服务短板，加强全科医生培养培训。促进中医药传承创新，加强中医优势专科建设。完善疾病预防控制体系。深入开展健康中国行动和爱国卫生运动，筑牢人民群众健康防线。
We will improve medical and health services.

We will continue work to prevent and control key infectious diseases. Government subsidies for basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents will increase by an average of 30 yuan per person.

We will promote the coordinated development and management of medical insurance, medical services, and pharmaceuticals. We will advance the unified management of basic medical insurance funds at the provincial level, improve the system for national centralized procurement of medicines, enhance regular oversight over the use of medical insurance funds, and refine the policies on settling medical expenses where they are incurred.

We will deepen the reform of public hospitals, improve medical services with a patient-centered approach, and promote mutual recognition of medical examination results between hospitals. To promote tiered diagnosis and treatment, we will channel more high-quality medical resources toward lower-level hospitals, promote stronger county-township-village coordination in the supply of medical services, and allow prescription of a wider range of medicines for chronic diseases and common diseases in community clinics. We will strengthen research, diagnosis, and treatment of rare diseases and better ensure the supply of medicines for such diseases. We will act faster to shore up weak links in services such as pediatrics, geriatrics, mental health, and nursing and strengthen the training of general practitioners.

We will promote the preservation and innovative development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and strengthen specialty branches that draw on the strengths of TCM. We will improve the system for disease prevention and control. We will advance the Healthy China Initiative and patriotic health campaigns and build a strong line of defense to protect people’s health.

加强社会保障和服务。实施积极应对人口老龄化国家战略。城乡居民基础养老金月最低标准提高20元，继续提高退休人员基本养老金，完善养老保险全国统筹。在全国实施个人养老金制度，积极发展第三支柱养老保险。做好退役军人、军属和其他优抚对象服务保障。加强城乡社区养老服务网络建设，加大农村养老服务补短板力度。加强老年用品和服务供给，大力发展银发经济。推进建立长期护理保险制度。健全生育支持政策，优化生育假期制度，完善经营主体用工成本合理共担机制，多渠道增加托育服务供给，减轻家庭生育、养育、教育负担。做好留守儿童和困境儿童关爱救助。加强残疾预防和康复服务，完善重度残疾人托养照护政策。健全分层分类的社会救助体系，统筹防止返贫和低收入人口帮扶政策，把民生兜底保障安全网织密扎牢。
We will enhance social security and social services.

We will pursue a proactive national strategy in response to population aging. The minimum basic old-age benefits for rural and non-working urban residents will be raised by 20 yuan per month. We will continue to increase basic pensions for retirees and improve the unified national management system for basic old-age insurance funds. We will implement the private pension system nationwide and encourage the development of third-pillar pension plans.

We will ensure services and support for veterans, military families, and other entitled groups. We will step up the development of elderly care networks in urban and rural communities and redouble efforts to strengthen elderly care services in rural areas. More products and services for senior citizens will be provided, and a further push will be made to develop the silver economy. We will move ahead with establishing insurance schemes for long-term care.

We will improve policies to boost birth rates by refining parental leave policies, improving the mechanism for sharing the related labor costs of employers, and increasing the supply of childcare services through multiple channels. These steps will reduce the costs of giving birth and raising and educating children.

We will ensure that left-behind children in rural areas and children in need receive adequate care and assistance. We will strengthen disability prevention, provide better rehabilitation services for people with disabilities, and improve policies for providing care to people suffering from severe disabilities. The multi-tiered and categorized social assistance system will be improved. We will coordinate policies on preventing a relapse into poverty and providing assistance to low-income groups so as to strengthen the safety net for ensuring the basic needs of the people.

丰富人民群众精神文化生活。深入学习贯彻习近平文化思想。广泛践行社会主义核心价值观。发展哲学社会科学、新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术和档案等事业。制定推动文化传承发展的政策举措。深入推进国家文化数字化战略。深化全民阅读活动。完善网络综合治理，培育积极健康、向上向善的网络文化。创新实施文化惠民工程，提高公共文化场馆免费开放服务水平。大力发展文化产业。开展第四次全国文物普查，加强文物系统性保护和合理利用。推进非物质文化遗产保护传承。深化中外人文交流，提高国际传播能力。加大体育改革力度。做好2024年奥运会、残奥会备战参赛工作。建好用好群众身边的体育设施，推动全民健身活动广泛开展。
We will enrich people’s intellectual and cultural lives.

We will gain a good understanding of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture and act on it. We will promote core socialist values. We will develop philosophy, social sciences, the press and publishing, radio, film and television, literature and art, archiving, and other programs. We will roll out policies and measures to support cultural preservation and development.

We will implement the national cultural digitization strategy and do more to foster a love of reading among our people. We will improve comprehensive cyberspace governance and cultivate a positive and healthy online culture that encourages the pursuit of excellence and integrity. We will implement cultural projects to benefit the public in a creative way and improve services of free public cultural facilities. More efforts will be made to develop the cultural sector.

The fourth national survey of cultural artifacts will be launched. On this basis, we will promote the systematic protection and proper use of cultural artifacts as well as protection and preservation of intangible cultural heritage.

We will boost people-to-people exchanges with other countries and strengthen our capacity for international communication. We will intensify reform in sports and make good preparations for the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games. We will build sports facilities close to people’s homes and see they are fully used. We will extensively promote public fitness activities.

维护国家安全和社会稳定。贯彻总体国家安全观，加强国家安全体系和能力建设。提高公共安全治理水平，推动治理模式向事前预防转型。着力夯实安全生产和防灾减灾救灾基层基础，增强风险防范、应急处置和支撑保障能力。扎实开展安全生产治本攻坚三年行动，加强重点行业领域风险隐患排查整治，压实各方责任，坚决遏制重特大事故发生。做好洪涝、干旱、台风、森林草原火灾、地质灾害、地震等防范应对，加强气象服务。严格食品、药品、特种设备等安全监管。完善社会治理体系。强化城乡社区服务功能。引导支持社会组织、人道救助、志愿服务、公益慈善等健康发展。保障妇女、儿童、老年人、残疾人合法权益。坚持和发展新时代“枫桥经验”，推进矛盾纠纷预防化解，推动信访工作法治化。加强公共法律服务。强化社会治安整体防控，推进扫黑除恶常态化，依法打击各类违法犯罪活动，建设更高水平的平安中国。
We will safeguard national security and social stability.

We will take a holistic approach to national security, with a focus on strengthening the national security system and capacity. We will enhance public security governance by shifting toward a prevention-based model.

We will strengthen workplace safety and disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief efforts in local communities and enhance our capacity for guarding against risks, responding to emergencies, and ensuring supplies and resources. A three-year drive will be launched to address the root causes of workplace accidents and ensure production safety. We will work harder to identify and address risks and potential dangers in key sectors and areas and see that all those involved fully shoulder their share of responsibilities, so as to resolutely prevent major and serious accidents. We will better guard against and respond to disasters including floods, droughts, typhoons, forest and grassland fires, geological disasters, and earthquakes, and provide quality meteorological services.

Oversight over the safety of food, drugs, and special equipment will be tightened. We will improve the social governance system and strengthen the service providing functions of urban and rural communities. We will guide and support the healthy development of social organizations, humanitarian assistance, volunteer services, public welfare, and charitable initiatives. We will effectively protect the lawful rights and interests of women, children, senior citizens, and people with disabilities.

We will apply and further develop the Fengqiao model for promoting community-level governance in the new era to better prevent and resolve disputes and promote law-based handling of public complaints. Better public legal services will be provided. We will take a holistic approach to ensuring law and order, combat organized crime and root out local criminal gangs on an ongoing basis, and crack down on illegal and criminal activities of all types in accordance with the law, so as to better pursue the Peaceful China Initiative.

各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,

新征程新使命，对政府工作提出了新的更高要求。各级政府及其工作人员要深刻领悟“两个确立”的决定性意义，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，自觉在思想上政治上行动上同以习近平同志为核心的党中央保持高度一致，不断提高政治判断力、政治领悟力、政治执行力，把党的领导贯穿政府工作各方面全过程。要把坚持高质量发展作为新时代的硬道理，把为民造福作为最重要的政绩，努力建设人民满意的法治政府、创新政府、廉洁政府和服务型政府，全面履行好政府职责。
The new mission on our new journey demands new and higher standards for what we do in the government.

All of us in governments at every level must acquire a deep understanding of the decisive significance of establishing Comrade Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and establishing the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era; be more conscious of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership; stay confident in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics; uphold Comrade Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and uphold the Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership. We must keep enhancing our capacity for political judgment, thinking, and implementation and uphold Party leadership in every aspect and throughout the entire process of government work.

We must pursue high-quality development as our top priority in the new era, make improving the people’s wellbeing the most important political achievement, and endeavor to build a law-based, innovation-driven, and service-oriented government of integrity that meets the people’s expectations and fully performs its duties.

深入推进依法行政。严格遵守宪法法律。自觉接受同级人大及其常委会的监督，自觉接受人民政协的民主监督，自觉接受社会和舆论监督。加强审计监督。坚持科学、民主、依法决策，制定政策要遵循规律、广聚共识、于法有据。完善政务公开制度。全面推进严格规范公正文明执法。支持工会、共青团、妇联等群团组织更好发挥作用。发扬自我革命精神，持之以恒正风肃纪反腐，纵深推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争。政府工作人员要遵守法纪、廉洁修身、勤勉尽责，干干净净为人民做事。
We will fully advance law-based government administration and strictly abide by the Constitution and laws. We will readily submit ourselves to the oversight of people’s congresses and their standing committees at the corresponding level. We will readily accept democratic oversight from the CPPCC and readily submit ourselves to public oversight and oversight through public opinion. Audit-based oversight will also be strengthened.

With a commitment to sound, democratic, and law-based decision-making, we will observe objective laws, build broad consensus, and ensure a solid legal basis when formulating policies. We will improve the system of government transparency and comprehensively promote strict, procedure-based, impartial, and non-abusive law enforcement. We will support trade unions, Communist Youth League organizations, women’s federations, and other people’s organizations in better fulfilling their roles.

We will carry forward the spirit of self-reform. We will stay focused on improving conduct, tightening discipline, and fighting corruption, and we will redouble efforts to enhance Party conduct, build a government of integrity, and advance anti-corruption initiatives. All of us in government must observe discipline and abide by the law, cultivate ethical and moral character, fulfill our responsibilities diligently, and work for the people with honesty and integrity.

全面提高行政效能。围绕贯彻好、落实好党中央决策部署，坚持优化协同高效，深入推进政府职能转变，不断提高执行力和公信力。坚持正确的思想方法和工作方法，勇于打破思维定势和路径依赖，积极谋划用好牵引性、撬动性强的工作抓手，在抓落实上切实做到不折不扣、雷厉风行、求真务实、敢作善为，确保最终效果符合党中央决策意图，顺应人民群众期待。巩固拓展主题教育成果，大兴调查研究，落实“四下基层”制度。加快数字政府建设。以推进“高效办成一件事”为牵引，提高政务服务水平。坚决纠治形式主义、官僚主义，进一步精简文件和会议，完善督查检查考核，持续为基层和企业减负。落实“三个区分开来”，完善干部担当作为激励和保护机制。广大干部要增强“时时放心不下”的责任感，并切实转化为“事事心中有底”的行动力，提振干事创业的精气神，真抓实干、埋头苦干、善作善成，努力创造无愧于时代和人民的新业绩。
We will improve government performance across the board. Implementing the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee, we will act on the principle of ensuring optimization, coordination, and efficiency so as to further transform government functions and boost the government’s ability for implementation and its credibility.

We will continue with the right approach to thinking and work, be ready to break free from fixed mindsets and dependency on established paths. We will make proactive plans and fully utilize drivers and levers in our work, take prompt, pragmatic, resolute, and effective steps to fully deliver on all work initiatives, and see that the final outcomes of our work are in keeping with the Party Central Committee’s decisions and intentions and meet the people’s expectations.

We will consolidate and expand on what we have achieved in theoretical study initiatives, conduct extensive research and studies, and implement the practices of going into communities to communicate the Party’s lines and policies, carry out research and studies, address people’s complaints, and conduct field work.

We will press ahead with building a digital government and promote one-stop government services to enhance our service levels. We will firmly tackle pointless formalities and bureaucratism, do more to streamline documents and meetings, improve oversight, inspection, and evaluation, and continue working to ease burdens on primary-level governments and enterprises. In keeping with the “three distinctions,” we will improve the incentive and protection mechanisms encouraging officials to take on responsibility and be enterprising in their work. All our officials must act with an unfailing sense of responsibility at all times and the assurance to deliver in everything they do. We must be dedicated and enterprising, work hard, and take solid steps to perform and excel, and strive to accomplish new feats that are worthy of the times and the people’s expectations.

各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,

我们要以铸牢中华民族共同体意识为主线，坚持和完善民族区域自治制度，促进各民族广泛交往交流交融，推动民族地区加快现代化建设步伐。坚持党的宗教工作基本方针，深入推进我国宗教中国化，积极引导宗教与社会主义社会相适应。加强和改进侨务工作，维护海外侨胞和归侨侨眷合法权益，汇聚起海内外中华儿女共同致力民族复兴的磅礴力量。
We will, with a focus on forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, promote interaction, exchange, and integration among all ethnic groups, and speed up the modernization drive in ethnic minority regions.

We will adhere to the Party’s basic policy on religious affairs, ensure that religions in China must be Chinese in orientation, and provide guidance to religions so that they can adapt themselves to our socialist society.

We will strengthen and improve our work related to overseas Chinese and protect the lawful rights and interests of Chinese nationals abroad, returned overseas Chinese, and relatives of overseas Chinese nationals in China. This will help forge a powerful force for all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, both at home and abroad, to dedicate themselves to national rejuvenation.

过去一年，国防和军队建设取得新的成绩和进步，人民军队出色完成担负的使命任务。新的一年，要深入贯彻习近平强军思想，贯彻新时代军事战略方针，坚持党对人民军队的绝对领导，全面深入贯彻军委主席负责制，打好实现建军一百年奋斗目标攻坚战。全面加强练兵备战，统筹推进军事斗争准备，抓好实战化军事训练，坚定捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益。构建现代军事治理体系，抓好军队建设“十四五”规划执行，加快实施国防发展重大工程。巩固提高一体化国家战略体系和能力，优化国防科技工业体系和布局，加强国防教育、国防动员和后备力量建设。各级政府要大力支持国防和军队建设，深入开展“双拥”工作，巩固发展军政军民团结。
Last year, we made new achievements and progress in national defense and military development, and our people’s armed forces fulfilled their missions and tasks with impressive results. This year, we will continue to implement Xi Jinping Thought on Strengthening the Military and the military strategy for the new era. We will remain committed to the Party’s absolute leadership over the people’s armed forces, thoroughly implement the system of ultimate responsibility resting with the chairman of the Central Military Commission, and take critical steps to meet the centenary goal of the People’s Liberation Army.

The armed forces will strengthen all-around military training and combat readiness, make well-coordinated efforts to improve military preparedness, and devote great energy to training under combat conditions, so as to firmly safeguard China’s national sovereignty, security, and development interests.

We will modernize the military governance system, advance military development as outlined in the 14th Five-Year Plan, and speed up the implementation of major defense-related projects.

We will consolidate and enhance integration of national strategies and strategic capabilities, refine the system and layout of defense-related science, technology, and industries, raise public awareness concerning national defense, and strengthen national defense mobilization and readiness of reserve forces.

We in governments at all levels will provide strong support to the development of national defense and the armed forces and strengthen mutual support between civilian sectors and the military, so as to consolidate the unity between the military and the government and between the military and the people.

我们要继续全面准确、坚定不移贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，坚持依法治港治澳，落实“爱国者治港”、“爱国者治澳”原则。支持香港、澳门发展经济、改善民生，发挥自身优势和特点，积极参与粤港澳大湾区建设，更好融入国家发展大局，保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定。
We will continue to fully, faithfully, and resolutely implement the policy of One Country, Two Systems, under which the people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong and the people of Macao administer Macao, both with a high degree of autonomy. We will remain committed to law-based governance in Hong Kong and Macao and ensure that Hong Kong and Macao are administered by patriots.

We will support Hong Kong and Macao in growing their economies, improving the lives of their people, and participating in the development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area by leveraging their distinctive strengths and features. This will ensure that Hong Kong and Macao can better integrate themselves into China’s overall development and maintain long-term prosperity and stability.

我们要坚持贯彻新时代党解决台湾问题的总体方略，坚持一个中国原则和“九二共识”，坚决反对“台独”分裂和外来干涉，推动两岸关系和平发展，坚定不移推进祖国统一大业，维护中华民族根本利益。深化两岸融合发展，增进两岸同胞福祉，同心共创民族复兴伟业。
We will implement our Party’s overall policy for the new era on resolving the Taiwan question, stay committed to the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus, and resolutely oppose separatist activities aimed at “Taiwan independence” and external interference.

We will promote the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations, be firm in advancing the cause of China’s reunification, and uphold the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation. By advancing integrated cross-Strait development, we will improve the wellbeing of Chinese people on both sides so that together, we can realize the glorious cause of national rejuvenation.

我们要坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持走和平发展道路，坚定奉行互利共赢的开放战略，倡导平等有序的世界多极化和普惠包容的经济全球化，推动构建新型国际关系，反对霸权霸道霸凌行径，维护国际公平正义。中国愿同国际社会一道，落实全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议，弘扬全人类共同价值，推动全球治理体系变革，推动构建人类命运共同体。
We will stay committed to an independent foreign policy of peace and to peaceful development. We will remain firm in pursuing a strategy of opening up for mutual benefit. We call for an equal and orderly multipolar world and universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization, and we are committed to promoting a new type of international relations. We will remain firm in opposing all hegemonic, high-handed, and bullying acts and in upholding international fairness and justice.

China is ready to pursue the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative with other members of the international community so as to promote the shared values of humanity, reform the global governance system, and build a human community with a shared future.

各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,

使命重在担当，奋斗创造未来。我们要更加紧密地团结在以习近平同志为核心的党中央周围，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，坚定信心、开拓进取，努力完成全年经济社会发展目标任务，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业不懈奋斗！
A historic mission lies ahead of us, and we will endeavor to create a brighter future. Let us rally more closely around the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

Let us forge ahead in full confidence and in a pioneering spirit to accomplish the objectives and tasks for this year’s economic and social development.

Let us strive to build a great country and advance national rejuvenation on all fronts through Chinese modernization.