本文经授权转载自微信公众号:田间小站
TOEFL SAT GMAT GRE
外刊例句
- The press is cowed and the courts are largely pliant.
媒体被吓住了,而法院在很大程度上也顺从了。
——《经济学人》 - Some analysts say that could give rise to opportunities for the office-sharing business, with some companies eager to make more pliant arrangements.
一些分析人士表示,这可能会为共享办公室业务带来机会,因为一些公司渴望做出更灵活的安排。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[adjective] easily bent
[形容词] 容易弯曲的
深入解读
Pliant 是一个与常见单词 giant, brilliant, variant 等有着相同结尾的单词,可以一并联想记忆。
从词源上来看, pliant 源自拉丁语 plicare (折叠、放置),14世纪末由古法语 ploier (弯曲)的过去分词 ploiant (弯曲的、柔软的;顺从的、易变的)进入英语,主要也是用来表示“易弯的、柔韧的、柔顺的”,常意味着足够柔软到可以毫无阻力地屈服且不断掉,从而很容易被弯曲或操纵。比如:
- 质地柔韧的布
cloth of a soft, pliant fabric - 使他大为懊丧的是,她正顺从地偎依在马克的怀中。
Much to his chagrin, she was lying pliant in Mark's arms.
从这个概念出发, pliant 常被用来引申指“温顺的、顺从的、容易摆布的、易受影响的”,有时作贬义词使用,比如:
- 我认为孩子太听话了并不是件好事。
I don't think it's a good thing for children to be too pliant. - 他被赶下台,由一个比较容易摆布的继任者取代。
He was toppled and replaced by a more pliant successor.
而从褒义的角度来说, pliant 还可以引申指“灵活的、能适应的、适合多种用途的”以及“善于变通的、能审时度势的、顺势应变的”。比如:
- 这位超负荷硬撑着的首席执行官采取了更灵活的立场,同意听取员工的要求。
The overstretched CEO has adopted a more pliant position, and has agreed to listen to the staff's requests.
名著用例
Then he put a forkful into his mouth, chewing with discernment the toothsome pliant meat.
然后往嘴里塞了一叉子,边咀嚼边细细品尝着那美味可口的嫩腰子。
出自爱尔兰现代主义作家詹姆斯·乔伊斯(James Joyce)于1922年出版的长篇小说《尤利西斯》(Ulysses)。
同近义词
- compliant: disposed to agree with others or obey rules, especially to an excessive degree; acquiescent
- docile: ready to accept control or instruction; submissive
- malleable: (of a metal or other material) able to be hammered or pressed into shape without breaking or cracking