只许你搞情报，不许我反间谍？（双语全文）

2024年2月19日 文摘

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只许你搞情报，不许我反间谍？
You can do anything for intelligence while I shall do nothing against espionage?

当前，中美关系正处在企稳向好关键阶段，两国外交、经济、军事等领域沟通渐次展开，双方禁毒合作、人工智能议题沟通也在紧锣密鼓推进。而就在中美双方积极落实“旧金山愿景”之际，美国中情局局长伯恩斯近期在《外交事务》上以“间谍与治国之道”为题撰文称，中情局已投入更多资源用于对华情报收集、分析和行动，过去两年对华工作预算增加一倍多，正在招聘培训更多会讲中文的雇员，要将对抗中国拓展到中情局的每个角落。
At present, the China-US relationship is at a critical stage of stabilization and improvement. Communication in diplomatic, economic, military and other fields between the two countries is gradually expanding. Bilateral cooperation in drug control and artificial intelligence exchanges are also in full swing. While China and the United States are actively implementing the San Francisco Vision, William Burns, the director of CIA, in a recent article on Foreign Affairs titled Spycraft and Statecraft, said that CIA has committed substantially more resources toward China-related intelligence collection, operations and analysis around the world, more than doubling the percentage of its overall budget focused on China over just the last two years. CIA is hiring and training more Mandarin speakers, expanding the confrontation against China to every corner of the agency.

实际上，这已不是这位全球最大间谍组织负责人首次大放厥词、“不打自招”。近年来，美国一面“发动情报战”、不遗余力加强对华间谍窃密，一面又“恶人先告状”，大肆抹黑中国的正当防卫之举、企图塑造《反间谍法》“恶法”形象。这是典型的“只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯”，背后充斥着美式霸权思维、霸道做派、霸凌行径。
As a matter of fact, it is not the first time the director of CIA which is the largest spy agency across the globe has made such outrageous statements or "freely admitted its guilt". In recent years, the USA, on the one hand, started intelligence wars, sparing no efforts to step up its espionage against China and, on the other hand, "brought suit against its victims", scandalously smearing China's justifiable defense and trying to misrepresent the Counterespionage Law of PRC as an "evil law". It is nothing but that "one may steal a horse while another may not look over the hedge" or another typical case of hegemonic, domineering, and bullying practices of the USA.

先“剑指中国”，全力加强对华情报窃密
Firstly, targeting China,  redoubling intelligence gathering against China.

早在2021年2月中情局局长提名确认听证会上，伯恩斯就宣称“与中国竞争将是今后几十年里我们国家安全的关键”。走马上任后，其立即将“中国”作为工作重点，把更多资源用于强化对华情报工作。2021年10月，中情局成立唯一一个以国家命名的“中国任务中心”，把“对付苏联的方法用在目前对中国的工作”，极具“冷战”色彩。2023年7月阿斯彭安全论坛期间，伯恩斯更是公开“炫耀”，中情局在华情报网重建已经取得进展。
As early as his CIA Director confirmation hearing held in February, 2021, Burns claimed that "out competing China will be key to America's national security in the decades ahead". Once in office, he couldn't wait to make China "a priority task", committing more resources toward China-related intelligence collection. In October, 2021, adhering to a Cold-War mindset, CIA built the China Mission Center, the only CIA organization structure named after a country, so as to use its approach toward USSR in its China mission. In July, 2023, Burns even "boasted" in public on the Aspen Security Forum that CIA had made great progress in rebuilding its intelligence network in China.

一段时期以来，面对磨刀霍霍、剑指中国的境外间谍情报机关，中国国家安全部门严阵以待，既敢于亮剑、依法打击，接连破获公布美“功勋间谍”梁成运等多起间谍窃密案件；又持续推进反间谍工作法治化建设，全面修订完善《反间谍法》，特别是增设“安全防范”一章，更好地在法治轨道上开展反间防谍工作、营造良好发展环境。
For a period of time , Chinese national security departments have always been ready to take actions against overseas spy agencies threatening the national security of China. For one thing, relevant departments have recently cracked a number of espionage cases including the case of John Shing-Wan Leung, a "medal-winning spy" working for the USA. For another, more efforts have been made to promote the  rule of law in respect of the counterespionage work. For instance, the comprehensive revision of the Counterespionage Law, especially the addition of the Chapter, "Security Protection", facilitates China's counterespionage work in the spirit of the rule of law and helps create an even better environment for development.

后“倒打一耙”，极力抹黑中国修法反间
Secondly, blaming others for their own mistakes, smearing the revision of the Counterespionage Law.

2019年4月，中情局前局长蓬佩奥在演讲时称，“我们撒谎、我们欺骗、我们偷窃，我们还有一套课程专门来教这些”，直白承认了中情局的一贯卑劣手法。近年来，美国中情局在加大对华情报工作的同时，还“恶人先告状”，或直接下场攻击抹黑，或背后喂料栽赃陷害，或利用境外媒体“带节奏”“造舆论”，苦心炮制中国修订《反间谍法》“泛化国家安全”“恶化营商环境”“任意羁押外国人”“强制收集企业数据”等虚假叙事和荒谬论调。而实际上，中国为什么要修订《反间谍法》，为什么要加强反间谍安全防范工作，或许伯恩斯局长的这篇文章就是告诉大家的“答案”。
In April, 2019, Mike Pompeo, former CIA Director, said during a speech that "...We lied, we cheated, we stole. We had entire training courses...", a blatant confession of the despicable practices of CIA. In recent years, CIA not only stepped up its intelligence collection against China but also "brought suit against its victims" by smearing, fabricating charges or using overseas media so as to "fan the flames" or to "whip up public opinions" against China. For instance, it cooked up such false or preposterous narratives that China’s revision of the Counterespionage  Law leads to "generalizing national security", "undermining the business environment", "detaining foreign nationals arbitrarily" or "coercive gathering of enterprise data". In effect, this article by Director Burns might have given the "reason" why it was necessary for China to revise the Law and intensify its counterespionage efforts.

谎言重复一千遍也终究是谎言。为以正视听、增信释疑，中国立法机关、执法部门公开发表多篇官方解读文章，介绍《反间谍法》修订背景、主要内容和实践要求，取得良好成效。中国人大网公布了《反间谍法》官方英文版，以利外界理解把握。中国国家安全部微信公众号先后刊发20多篇《反间谍法》相关文稿和案例，集中回应外部关切，坚决驳斥无理抹黑。新法一施行，中国商务部立即召集美、日、韩等主要贸易伙伴的企业代表，会同有关部门宣传解读新修订的《反间谍法》，让外企更加准确了解中国的法律政策，更加坚定在华投资兴业的信心和安全感。
A lie told a thousand times remains a lie. In order to clarify the facts and dispel misgiving or misunderstanding, Chinese legislature and law enforcement agencies have been keeping up the good work in publishing a number of articles which elaborates the background, content as well as the practical needs of the law revision. For a better understanding of the new Counterespionage Law, the National People's Congress website has published the English version of the law. In response to the concerns and smear around the revision, the Ministry of State Security of PRC has published more than twenty articles or cases related to the law revision on its official WeChat account. Upon the enactment of the new law, the Ministry of Commerce of PRC  promptly met with  and introduced the newly revised law to enterprise representatives of the United States, Japan and South Korea and other China's major trade partners so that they may have a better understanding of the law and, in return, have a greater sense of security and confidence  in their investment in China.

终“不攻自破”，中国一贯立场和法律本身是最好的回答
Finally, the truth is evident, China's consistent stand and the law itself are the best response.

近年来，在构建人类命运共同体理念的引领下，中国提出了全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议，彰显了促进共同发展、维护和平稳定、推动文明进步的中国立场和中国智慧。2023年修订的《反间谍法》，既合理参考了世界各国的主要立法实例，也充分体现了中国倡导的安全理念；既坚决依法打击间谍活动，又审慎界定国家安全边界。
In recent years, under the guidance of building a community with a shared future for mankind, China has launched a series of initiatives including the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global Civilization Initiative. All these initiatives manifested China's stand and wisdom in terms of promoting common development, safeguarding peace and stability and advancing the progress of human civilizations. The revision of the Counterespionage Law of PRC in 2023, a reasonable move to follow the common practice across the world, fully demonstrates the security concepts that China advocates: Being discreet in setting the boundaries of national security, the revised law aims to decisively crack down upon espionage.

——“合法行为还是间谍行为”边界清晰。不针对正常商业活动、科研合作、学术交流等，不搞美国“泛化国家安全”、滥用“单边制裁”那一套。
—— it offers a clear-cut distinction between a lawful act and espionage. It does not target normal business activities, scientific cooperation or academic communication. It does not seek anything like the American-style "generalization of the national security" or abuse of "unilateral sanctions".

——“合理管辖还是长臂管辖”对错分明。坚决反对将任何关联因素都作为滥施管辖的理由，不搞美国“最低联系原则”、践踏他国司法主权那一套。
—— it clarifies justifiable and long-arm jurisdiction. It strongly opposes abuse of jurisdiction based on any connected factors taken for granted. It does not seek anything like the American-style rule of "minimum contacts" that impairs the judicial sovereignty of other countries.

——“违法行为还是犯罪行为”合理区分。根据间谍行为种类和危害程度，分别设置行政法律责任和刑事法律责任，不搞美国《经济间谍法》“一律刑事打击”那一套。
—— it reasonably distinguishes an unlawful act from a crime. According to the types and damage degree of espionage activities, it stipulates administrative liabilities and criminal ones respectively. It does not seek anything like the "uniform criminal punishment" in the U.S.Economic Espionage Act.

——“保护数据还是窃取数据”一目了然。严格限定执法机关调取数据情形、范围和保护要求，不搞美国借《爱国者法》《云法案》等国内法窃取他国数据、危害他国数据主权那一套。
—— it endeavors to protect rather than steal data. It promulgates strict regulations on the situations where law enforcement departments may access relevant data as well as the range and protection of such data. It does not seek anything like stealing data of other countries or impairing the data sovereignty via domestic laws like the USA Patriot Act and the CLOUD Act.

——“保障人权还是侵犯人权”对比鲜明。坚持严格规范公正文明执法，反对“看人下菜碟”式的选择性执法，不搞美国“小黑屋”无端滋扰盘查、破坏民间正常交往那一套。
—— it safeguards rather than violates human rights. It upholds fair and civilized law enforcement rather than selective law enforcement. It opposes the selective law enforcement in the style of "judging by people's preferences". It does not seek anything like the wanton interrogation through the American-style "secondary inspection" or undermining normal nongovernmental exchanges.

各国都有合理的国家安全关切，但是一国的安全不能建立在他国的不安全之上。既然美国中情局三番五次宣称要重建在华情报网、加大对华情报窃密，那我们只能坚决拿起法律武器严密防范、严厉打击。也只有这样，才能真正为那些爱好和平发展、愿意在华投资兴业的企业和人员提供健康稳定、安全放心的工作生活环境。
Although each country has its reasonable national security concerns, the security of one state shall never be at the cost of the insecurity of another state. Now that CIA has repeatedly vowed to rebuild its intelligence networks in China so as to gather more China-related intelligence, China has no choice but to use legal means to guard against and crack down on espionage activities. Only in this way can we create a sound and safe working and living environment for those who are really peace-loving and willing to invest in China.

（来源国家安全部微信公众号）