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外刊例句
- In contrast, alcohol is omnipresent, so far more people suffer from its adverse effects.
相比之下,酒精无处不在,受其负面作用影响的人也就多得多。
——《经济学人》 - As workers in Europe protest low wages and adverse working conditions, travelers may find themselves having to contend with disruptions.
随着欧洲工人抗议低工资和恶劣的工作条件,旅行者们可能会发现自己不得不应对扰乱。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[adjective] preventing success or development; harmful; unfavourable
[形容词] 阻碍成功或发展的;有害的;不利的
深入解读
Adverse 是一个容易与常见单词 averse (反对的、嫌恶的、不愿意的)相混淆的单词,两者可以一并联想记忆。
从词源上来看,该词与小站(微信公众号:田间小站)推送过的 adversity 同源,都源自于拉丁语 advertere (转向)的过去分词 adversus (本义指“转为反对的、转向的、面向的、面对的”,喻指“反对的、敌对的、不利的”)。
其中 adverse 于14世纪末经古法语 advers (敌对的、不友好的、相对立的)进入英语后,也是用来表示方向上“逆的”或位置上“相反的”,以及“敌对的、不友好的、反面的”,即反其道而行或者说朝着相反方向行事,比如:
- 逆风
adverse winds - 反面意见
an adverse opinion
不论是逆风还是反面意见,通常都会产生不利或有害的作用。进而 adverse 也被用来引申指“不利的、有害的”,适用于形容阻碍成功或发展的事物,常意味着与某人的利益或愿望相对,有着负面或有害的影响,从而使人不太可能产生好的结果,比如:
- 逆境
adverse circumstances - 在不利条件下
under adverse conditions - 没有恶劣天气这回事,只有软弱的人。
There's no such thing as adverse weather, just soft people.
权威用例
成都大运会将于今晚正式开幕。中国秉持简约、安全、精彩的办赛理念,克服新冠疫情等不利因素影响,认真兑现庄严承诺,确保成都大运会顺利举办,为国际青年体育事业发展作出新贡献。
The Chengdu FISU World University Games will officially open tonight. China has committed itself to organizing a streamlined, safe and splendid games. In spite of COVID-19 and other adverse factors, we have acted vigorously to fulfill our solemn pledge for a successful World University Games and to make new contributions to the cause of international youth sports.
出自习主席在成都第三十一届世界大学生夏季运动会开幕式欢迎宴会上的致辞(双语全文)。
同近义词
- unfavourable: likely to lead to an adverse outcome
- disadvantageous: involving or creating unfavourable circumstances that reduce the chances of success or effectiveness
- inauspicious: not conducive to sccess; unpromising