强调句是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感,通过各种方式对句子中的某个部分进行强调而使用的一种基本修辞。
英语常用的强调结构是 It is (was) + 被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语) + who (that) ... ,现在时用 is ,过去时用 was 。
一般说来,强调的对象为人时, that 也可以换成 who ;强调的对象为物时,只能用 that 。其中 It is/was 和 that 之间为被强调部分,其余部分则位于 that 之后。
句子的各个成分中,除了谓语以外,均可被强调。比如:
- It was my mother that/who threw a bad egg at Jack yesterday.(强调主语)
- It was a bad egg that my mother threw at Jack yesterday.(强调宾语)
- It was at Jack that my mother threw a bad egg yesterday.(强调补语)
- It was yesterday that my mother threw a bad egg at Jack.(强调状语)