本文经授权转载自微信公众号:田间小站
GRE
外刊例句
- Locked in a cellar as his father approaches, Richard resolves not to cower.
父亲步步紧逼,被囚禁在地下室中的理查决意不再退缩。
——《经济学人》 - The key is to stand up and fight it, and not back down, and make it very clear that we will not cower.
关键是要站起来与之斗争,不要退缩,并明确表示我们不会畏缩。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[verb] crouch down in fear
[动词] 恐惧地蹲下
深入解读
Cower 是一个与常见词 cover 十分形似且容易混淆的单词。
该词可能源自中古低地德语 kūren (埋伏等待),最早于14世纪初出现在英语中,原本用来表示“蹲、弯腰曲背地站”,这个含义目前仅在英国部分方言中使用。
等到了14世纪末后, cower 开始发展出现在的主要含义指因恐惧而“蜷缩、畏缩、退缩”,强调一种卑贱或懦弱的恐惧,特别是在那些暴虐或专横的人面前,比如:
- 那个胆小的女孩蜷缩在角落里,吓得语无伦次。
The timid girl cowered in the corner, gibbering with terror. - 那条恶狗挨打后缩在桌子底下。
The vicious dog cowered under the table after being whipped.
名著用例
Dumbledore began to cower as though invisible torturers surrounded him; his flailing hand almost knocked the refilled goblet from Harry's trembling hands as he moaned, "Don't hurt them, don't hurt them, please, please, it's my fault, hurt me instead..."
邓布利多蜷缩成一团,似乎周围有一些看不见的人在折磨他。他的手胡乱挥动着,差点把哈利颤抖的手里那只重新舀满的杯子打翻,嘴里呻吟道:“别伤害他们,别伤害他们,求求你,求求你,都是我的错,冲我来吧……”
出自英国作家J·K·罗琳的奇幻小说《哈利·波特》系列的第六本《哈利·波特与混血王子》(Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince)。
同近义词
- cringe: bend one's head and body in fear or in a servile manner
- shrink: move back or away, especially because of fear or disgust
- flinch: make a quick, nervous movement as an instinctive reaction to fear, pain, or surprise