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外刊例句
- Even diehard libertarians should worry when the administration weakens rules governing the leaching of coal ash into groundwater, or permits the use of pesticides that may impair children’s brain development.
一旦政府放松了对煤灰浸入地下水的监管规定,又或者允许使用可能损害儿童大脑发育的杀虫剂,即便是死硬派的自由主义者也应该感到担心。
——《经济学人》 - Yet hands-free or hand-held makes no difference — they impair driving equivalently as far as external hazards go.
然而,免提或手持没有什么区别——就外部危害而言,它们对驾驶的影响相同。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[verb] weaken or damage something (especially a human faculty or function)
[动词] 削弱或损害某物(尤其是人的某个官能或功能)
深入解读
Impair 是一个比熟词 pair 前面多了 im 两个字母的单词,两者看似相关实则在词源上并无联系。
Impair 源自通俗拉丁语 impejorare (使更糟),14世纪末经古法语 empeirier (使更糟)进入英语后,即用来表示“削弱、降低、损害”,常作正式用语使用,侧重指由于恶化、退化或缩减而变得不完整或不那么有效,特别是在人的官能或功能方面,包括使视力、行动能力、判断能力等受损,比如:
- 他是个酷爱阅读的人,总觉得书不够读。但大量读书损害了他的视力。
He misses not having enough books because he's an avid reader. But much reading has impaired his vision.
名著用例
Faced with the guilts of the world, my mother smiled foggily and shut her eyes tight; and by the time the roof fell in on her head her eyesight was badly impaired; but she could still see the washing-chest.
面对世人的罪恶,我母亲朦胧地微笑着,紧紧闭上了眼睛。等到屋顶在她头上塌陷下来时,她的视力已经严重受损,但她仍然可以看见洗衣箱。
出自印裔英国作家萨尔曼·鲁西迪(Salman Rushdie,又译萨尔曼·拉什迪)在1981年出版的长篇小说《午夜之子》(Midnight's Children)。
同近义词
- blunt: weaken or reduce the force of (something)
- mar: impair the appearance of; disfigure
- spoil: diminish or destroy the value or quality of