本文经授权转载自微信公众号:田间小站
TEM8
外刊例句
- Technology firms stampede to woo the energy industry.
科技公司争先恐后地争取能源产业的垂青。
——《经济学人》 - The result was one of history's headiest corporate ascents, as the ubiquitous Netscape Navigator browser helped spawn the world's startling online stampede.
结果是创下有史以来公司业绩攀升速度最快的纪录之一,无所不在的网景浏览器,造成争先恐后的上网热潮,震惊全世界。
——《时代周刊》
基本释义
[noun] a sudden panicked rush of a number of horses, cattle, or other animals
[名词] 一群马、牛或其他动物突然惊慌失措的猛冲
深入解读
韩国首尔万圣节踩踏事故(Seoul Halloween stampede)发生以来, stampede 一词多次出现在了新闻热榜中,小站(微信公众号:田间小站)今天就来专门说说这个单词。
该词源自西班牙语 estamper (重踩、压紧、反复敲打),最早于1828年经墨西哥西班牙语 estampida (骚动)进入英语后,即用来表示兽群的“惊跑、乱窜”,也就是马群、牛群、羊群等突然惊慌失措的猛冲。
随后 stampede 开始用来形容人群的“奔逃、蜂拥、狂奔”,多指一群人因恐惧或受到惊吓而突然以不受控制地方式开始快速移动的情况,通常同时朝着同一个方向移动,比如:
- 爆炸导致金属和玻璃碎片在空中乱飞。大家都争先恐后地朝出口涌去。更多的人死于爆炸后的一段时间里。
The explosion sent pieces of metal and glass hurtling through the air. There was a stampede for the exit. Many more people died in the aftermath of the explosion.
而从一大群人同时做某事这个概念出发, stampede 还被用来喻指“热潮、风尚、风气”,也就是许多人试图同时做或实现同一件事的情况,比如:
- 不断下降的利率引发了一场购房热。
Falling interest rates have led to a stampede to buy property.
用作动词时, stampede 除了相应表示兽群或人群“(使)惊跑、狂奔、涌向”外,还常用被动语态搭配 stampede sb into (doing) sth 喻指“使……仓促行事”,也就是像受惊吓后慌不择路奔逃那般,强迫某人匆忙做某事而不给时间思考,比如:
- 她正面临着选择结婚还是出国留学的两难境地。不过她不愿仓促行事,草率作决定。
She is faced with the dilemma of choosing between marriage and studying abroad. But she refuses to be stampeded into making any hasty decisions.
名著用例
And then he saw the box lying open on Ron's bed and the truth hit him with the force of a stampeding troll.
他忽然注意到了罗恩床上那个打开的盒子,真相像狂奔的巨怪般的猛地击中了他。
出自英国作家J·K·罗琳的奇幻小说《哈利·波特》系列的第六本《哈利·波特与混血王子》(Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince)。
同近义词
- dash: an act of running somewhere suddenly and hastily
- charge: rush forward in attack
- career: move swiftly and in an uncontrolled way in a specified direction