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TOEFL TEM8 GRE
外刊例句
- An ample supply of palm oil in Indonesia and Malaysia, as well as of coconut oil in the Philippines, has dampened prices.
之后,印度尼西亚和马来西亚的棕榈油、菲律宾的椰子油供应充足,抑制了价格。
——《经济学人》 - The drop in cash reserves has vast implications for the working class and could dampen consumer spending, a large share of economic activity.
现金储备的下降对工人阶级有着巨大的影响,可能会抑制消费性支出,而消费性支出在经济活动中占很大比重。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[verb] make slightly wet
[动词] 稍微弄湿
深入解读
Dampen 是一个由熟词 damp (潮湿的)+后缀 -en (做,使……)组合而来的单词。明白这一点后,就很容易想到 dampen 可以指“弄湿、使潮湿”,主要指使某物稍微弄湿或适度湿润,比如:
- 那个情绪无常的女演员在镜子前摆姿势。她的脸和脖子都汗津津的。
The volatile actress postured before the mirror. Perspiration dampened her face and neck.
不过从词源上来说,上面这个含义使用较晚。而早在1547年, dampen 最先用来喻指“抑制、控制、减弱”,主要指使热情、激动、兴致以及价格、支出等非物质事物变得不那么强烈或兴奋,好比中文里说的“泼冷水”扫兴,比如:
名著用例
He blamed Ron and Hermione: Their determined indifference was as bad as the relentless rain for dampening his spirits, but neither could erode his certainty, which remained absolute.
他怪罪于罗恩和赫敏,他们决意的漠视就像无情的大雨一样令他沮丧,但都不能削弱他的信心,他依然是那么确信无疑。
出自英国作家J·K·罗琳的奇幻小说《哈利·波特》系列的第七本《哈利·波特与死亡圣器》(Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows)。
同近义词
- moisten: wet slightly
- damp: make (something) slightly wet
- humidify: increase the level of moisture in (air)