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考研 CET6 IELTS TEM8 GMAT
外刊例句
- In a more recent example, automated teller machines (ATMs) might have been expected to spell doom for bank tellers by taking over some of their routine tasks.
自动柜员机(ATM)则是一个近期的例子,它被认为会接管银行柜员的一些常规工作,宣判这些职位的终结。
——《经济学人》 - The sense that Johnson might try to reach a softer deal with Brussels, and his unwillingness to promise key jobs to Gove and other leaders of the campaign to exit the EU, helped doom his candidacy, legislators said.
议员们说,感觉约翰逊可能会试图与布鲁塞尔达成一项更为温和的协议,并且他不愿意向戈夫以及脱欧派其他领导人承诺关键职位,这促使了他的候选人资格落空。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[noun] death, destruction, or some other terrible fate
[名词] 死亡、毁灭或其他可怕的命运
深入解读
Doom 是一个与熟词 mood (情绪、心情)拼写正好相反的单词,该词源自古英语 dom (法律、法令、政令;司法、判决;公正、公平、正义),其中流传至今的含义仅有“判决、判定、定罪”,既可以作名词也可以作动词使用,常作书面用语指郑重地宣判某人有罪,比如:
由于判决、定罪等常常是一种决定命运或不可逆转命运的决定,因此到了14世纪初后, doom 开始发展出现在的主要含义指“厄运、死亡、毁灭、劫数”。这一含义在17世纪后随着宗教用语 doomsday (最后审判日、世界末日,基督教认为在这一天世人都将接受上帝的审判)流行开来,多指最终的且常常是灾难性或毁灭性的命运,隐含不可避免之意,比如:
- 他们的国家正处在内战的边缘。整个国家都笼罩在厄运降临的气氛之中。
Their country is teetering on the brink of civil war. A sense of doom is hanging over the entire country.
将这个概念用作动词时,则相应表示“使……注定失败、遭殃、死亡等”,比如:
- 这个站不住脚的计划注定要失败。
The feeble plan was doomed to failure. - 这桩做戏的婚姻从一开始就注定要破裂。
The charade marriage was doomed from the start.
此外,还可以用 doom and gloom 或者 gloom and doom 这个押尾韵的习语来表示“悲观失望、前景黯淡”。该习语最初特指二十世纪五六十年代冷战期间对核大屠杀的恐惧,后来随着1968年音乐奇幻电影《菲尼安的彩虹》(Finian's Rainbow)走红成为流行语,比如:
- 为什么你对我俩之间的鸿沟如此悲观沮丧?
Why are you so full of gloom and doom about the chasm between you and me?
而对于那些总是持悲观态度的人,则可以用习语 prophet of doom (悲观预言家)或 doom/gloom merchant (悲观派、持悲观态度的人)来表示,比如:
- 随着高得离谱的股票价格持续上涨,悲观派将不得不改变他们对经济的看法。
With the exorbitant share price remaining buoyant, the doom merchants are having to revise their opinions of the economy.
名著用例
Hopefully, but a moment ago, as Hester had spoken of drowning it in the deep sea, there was a sense of inevitable doom upon her as she thus received back this deadly symbol from the hand of fate.
仅仅片刻之前,海丝特还满怀希望地谈到要把红字沉进深深的海底,但当她从命运之神的手中重新接过这死一般的象征时,就感到一种难以避免的阴沉笼罩着她。
出自美国浪漫主义作家纳撒尼尔·霍桑(Nathaniel Hawthorne)于1850年出版的长篇小说《红字》(The Scarlet Letter: A Romance)。
同近义词
- lot: a person's luck or condition in life, particularly as determined by fate or destiny
- destiny: the events that will necessarily happen to a particular person or thing in the future
- catastrophe: an event causing great and often sudden damage or suffering; a disaster