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外刊例句
- The world has had several epochs of integration, but the trading system that emerged in the 1990s went further than ever before.
世界经历过几个一体化的时代,但上世纪90年代形成的贸易体系达到的一体化程度前所未有。
——《经济学人》 - The more ancient origin would put much of the canyon in place in the last epoch of the dinosaurs.
这一更久远的起源,会将大峡谷大部分地区的形成推进到最后一个恐龙时代。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[noun] a period of time in history or a person's life, typically one marked by notable events or particular characteristics
[名词] (通常以显著事件或特定特征为标志的)一段历史或人生中的一段时期
深入解读
Epoch 一词源自古希腊语 epokhe (停止,固定时间点),17世纪初经中古拉丁语 epocha 进入英语,其本义是指“开始对后续年份进行编号的日期”,诸如罗马建立、耶稣降生、希吉拉(意为迁徙,指公元622年伊斯兰先知穆罕默德从麦加逃亡到麦地那,这一年被定为伊斯兰历的元年)等。
说到这里,不由得联想起小站上个月推送的 advent (重要的或不寻常的人、事件、发明等的出现、到来、问世)来。
由于这些日子往往都是“标志着新时期开始的时间点”,于是到了17世纪初后,这个概念开始发展为 epoch 现在的主要含义指出现新进步和大变革的“时代、时期、纪元”,侧重指以某重大事件或巨大变化为起点的新的历史时期,或期间有着重大发展或特别事件的重要时期,比如:
- 文艺复兴是一个文化上取得空前成就的时代。
The Renaissance was an epoch of unparalleled cultural achievement. - 现任总统称他的国家正在步入一个长治久安的新时代。但事实上,这个国家摇摇欲坠的经济现在陷入了严重危机。
The incumbent president said that his country was moving into a new epoch, which would be one of lasting peace. But in fact, the country's faltering economy is now in grave peril.
别看 epoch 可以用来表示“纪元”,但在地质学的地质年代中却是指“世”,属于纪(period)的下分单位。地质年代共分为六个时间单位,从大到小依次是宙(eon)、代(era)、纪(period)、世(epoch)、期(age)、时 (chron)。
权威用例
中国产生了共产党,这是开天辟地的大事变,深刻改变了近代以后中华民族发展的方向和进程,深刻改变了中国人民和中华民族的前途和命运,深刻改变了世界发展的趋势和格局。
The founding of a communist party in China was an epoch-making event, which profoundly changed the course of Chinese history in modern times, transformed the future of the Chinese people and nation, and altered the landscape of world development.
同近义词
- era: a long and distinct period of history with a particular feature or characteristic
- eon: an indefinite and very long period of time, often a period exaggerated for humorous or rhetorical effect
- span: the length of time for which something lasts