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考研 IELTS TOEFL TEM8 GRE
外刊例句
- The surge in Indians moving to America is also intimately linked to the rise of the technology industry.
印度人涌入美国的浪潮也与科技产业的兴起密切相关。
——《经济学人》 - The most prominent and contentious issues are bread-and-butter concerns: a surge in immigration over the last decade, rising living costs and soaring property prices.
最突出且最具争议的问题是民生问题:过去10年,移民人数猛增,生活成本上涨,房价飙升。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[noun] a sudden powerful forward or upward movement, especially by a crowd or by a natural force such as the waves or tide
[名词] (尤指由人群或波涛、潮水等自然力量引起的)突然强有力的向前或向上运动
深入解读
Surge 一词可能源自拉丁语 surgere (上升、升起、升高),15世纪末进入英语后原作名词指“泉水、溪流”。等到了16世纪初, surge 开始发展出现在的基本含义指“巨浪、波涛”或“波涛引起的水位上升”,并从此进一步发展出现在的主要含义表示波涛、潮水、风等自然力量“汹涌、奔涌”或人群“蜂拥、涌动”,以及电流“浪涌”等,多指以特定方向突然强有力的向前或向上运动,可用作名词也可用作动词,比如:
- 潮水猛涨在沿海地区引发了严重水灾。目前洪水正在缓缓回落。
A tidal surge caused severe flooding in coastal areas. Now the flood waters are gradually subsiding. - 大门打开了,欢腾的人群向前涌去。
The gates opened and the jubilant throng surged forward.
而从波涛巨浪猛烈起伏或者说向上迸发这个概念出发, surge 则可以引申喻指多种“波涛般的事物”或“波涛般的汹涌奔腾”。其中,既可以表示强烈情感的“突发、涌起、翻涌”,多指从潜意识深处强烈升起的某种情感或想法,可用作名词也可用作动词,比如:
- 当发现自己把时间都浪费在鸡毛蒜皮的小事上时,她感觉一阵悔恨涌上心头。
She felt a wave of resentment surging (up) inside her when she realized that she was wasting time fiddling about with minor matters.
也可以用来形容物价、利润、数量等“急剧上升、飞涨、激增”,多指在一段稳定或平静的时期内发生的短暂突然的大幅度增加,可用作名词也可用作动词,比如:
- 过了开始的一阵新鲜劲后,对他们服务的需求就变得很小。
After an initial surge of interest, there has been little call for their services.
权威用例
2021年是中国共产党百年华诞。百年征程波澜壮阔,百年初心历久弥坚。
2021 will see the 100th birthday of the Communist Party of China. Its 100-year journey surges forward with great momentum. Its original aspiration remains even firmer one hundred years later.
同近义词
- gush: a rapid and plentiful stream or burst of something
- swell: a slow, regular movement of the sea in rolling waves that do not break
- tide: a powerful surge of feeling or trend of events