全球健康峰会罗马宣言
Rome Declaration of Global Health Summit
我们，二十国集团和各国领导人、国际和区域组织负责人于2021年5月21日在罗马举行全球健康峰会，分享应对仍在全球肆虐的新冠肺炎疫情的经验，欢迎该领域开展的相关工作及预备会各项举措，今天：
We, Leaders of G20 and other states, in the presence of the Heads of international and regional organisations meeting at the Global Health Summit in Rome, May 21, 2021, having shared our experience of the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic, and welcoming relevant work in this regard, including that presented during the pre-Summit, today:
重申新冠肺炎疫情是一场前所未有的全球健康和社会经济危机，对脆弱群体，对妇女、女童和儿童，以及对一线工作人员和老年人造成尤为严重的直接和间接影响。在所有国家都能控制住疫情之前，疫情不会结束。因此，大规模、全球性、安全、有效和公平的疫苗接种加以其他适当的公共卫生措施，以及恢复强劲、可持续、平衡和包容增长仍是首要任务。
Reaffirm that the pandemic continues to be an unprecedented global health and socio-economic crisis, with disproportionate direct and indirect effects on the most vulnerable, on women, girls and children, as well as on frontline workers and the elderly. It will not be over until all countries are able to bring the disease under control and therefore, large-scale, global, safe, effective and equitable vaccination in combination with appropriate other public health measures remains our top priority, alongside a return to strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth.
表达对逝去生命的哀悼，并对医护和所有一线工作人员在应对疫情中发挥的关键努力表示感谢。
Convey our condolences for lives lost and express our appreciation for healthcare and all frontline workers' vital efforts in responding to the pandemic.
欢迎世界卫生组织将2021年定为“卫生和照护工作者年”，并重申全力支持世卫组织在应对新冠肺炎疫情和更广泛全球健康议程中发挥领导和协调作用。
Welcome the World Health Organization's (WHO) designation of 2021 as the Year of Health and Care Workers, and reaffirm our full support for the leading and coordinating role of the WHO in the COVID-19 response and the broader global health agenda.
强调在以实现初级卫生保健为中心的全民健康覆盖、“同一健康”、防范和韧性等全球卫生方面的持续投资即为对全球公共产品的广泛社会性和宏观经济的投入，不作为将付出沉重代价。
Underline that sustained investments in global health, towards achieving Universal Health Coverage with primary healthcare at its centre, One Health, and preparedness and resilience, are broad social and macro-economic investments in global public goods, and that the cost of inaction is orders of magnitude greater.
认识到疫情对实现可持续发展目标（SDG）进程产生严重负面影响。我们重申致力于实现该目标，更加努力推进疫后重建（如2020年9月11日联合国大会决议所述），致力于遵守《国际卫生条例》。上述努力将有助于增强韧性、增进全球健康福祉。
Recognise the very damaging impact of the pandemic on progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). We reaffirm our commitment to achieving them to strengthen efforts to build back better (as in UNGA resolution, 11th September 2020), and to the International Health Regulations 2005 (IHR), which together will improve resilience and global health outcomes.
强调迫切需要加大努力，包括通过公共、私营部门和多边领域形成合力，促进全球及时、公平地获得安全、有效和可负担的新冠肺炎工具（疫苗、治疗、诊断和个人防护装备，以下简称“工具”）。忆及2020年3月26日举行的二十国集团特别峰会，认识到有必要通过加强卫生体系来支持上述努力。
Strongly underline the urgent need to scale up efforts, including through synergies between the public and private sectors and multilateral efforts, to enhance timely, global and equitable access to safe, effective and affordable COVID-19 tools (vaccines, therapeutics, diagnostics, and personal protective equipment, henceforth 'tools'). Recognise the necessity to underpin these efforts with strengthened health systems, recalling the G20 extraordinary Summit of 26 March 2020.
认识到将新冠肺炎疫苗作为公共产品进行广泛接种的作用，我们重申支持该领域所有合作，特别是“全球合作加速开发、生产、公平获取新冠肺炎防控新工具”倡议（ACT-A）。强调需弥补“倡议”资金缺口，以帮助其履行职责。我们注意到开展全面战略审议的意愿，在此基础上可能调整和延长授权至2022年底。强调支持全球共享安全、有效、高质量、可负担的疫苗，包括在国内条件允许的情况下，同ACT-A疫苗支柱“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”（COVAX）开展合作。欢迎2021年6月举行“新冠肺炎疫苗预先市场采购承诺机制”（COVAX AMC）峰会，并注意到“公平获取新冠肺炎工具宪章”。
Recognising the role of extensive COVID-19 immunisation as a global public good, we reaffirm our support for all collaborative efforts in this respect, especially the Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator (ACT-A). We underline the importance of addressing the ACT-A funding gap, in order to help it fulfil its mandate. We note the intention to conduct a comprehensive strategic review as basis for a possible adaptation and extension of its mandate to the end of 2022. We emphasise our support for global sharing of safe, effective, quality and affordable vaccine doses including working with the ACT-A vaccines pillar (COVAX), when domestic situations permit. We welcome the June 2021 COVID-19 Vaccines Advance Market Commitment (COVAX AMC) Summit and we note the Charter for Equitable Access to COVID-19 tools.
注意到支持COVAX生产特别行动组的ACT-A疫苗生产工作组，该工作组由世卫组织、流行病防范创新联盟（CEPI）、全球疫苗免疫联盟（GAVI）和联合国儿童基金会主导，包含世界贸易组织（WTO）和药品专利池等合作伙伴。我们确认支持增强供应链、提高全球疫苗产能和多元化努力，包括通过分担风险等方式提供生产疫苗所需材料，并欢迎世卫组织启动的疫苗技术转移中心。我们要求工作组和行动组于10月罗马峰会上向二十国集团领导人及时报告进展情况。世贸组织和其他国际利益攸关方和组织将根据其宗旨和决策规则，就如何在当前危机中改善公平获取工具问题为该报告提供信息。
Note the COVAX Vaccine Manufacturing Working Group, supporting the COVAX Manufacturing Task Force, led by the WHO, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), GAVI and UNICEF, that includes partners such as the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and Medicines Patent Pool. We affirm our support for efforts to strengthen supply chains and boost and diversify global vaccine-manufacturing capacity, including for the materials needed to produce vaccines, including by sharing risks, and welcome the vaccines technology transfer hub launched by the WHO. We ask the Working Group and Task Force to report on their progress to the G20 in time for the Leaders' Summit in October. This report will be informed by the WTO and other international stakeholders and organisations, consistent with their mandates and decision-making rules, on how to improve equitable access in the current crisis.
赞赏新冠肺炎疫苗在一年内实现安全和有效接种方面取得前所未有的成就，强调应继续投资研究和创新，包括多边机制和其他合作努力，以进一步加快开发安全、有效工具。
Applaud the unprecedented achievement of safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines within one year, and highlight the importance of continued investment in research and innovation, including in multilateral and other collaborative efforts, to further accelerate the development of safe and effective tools.
强调同所有相关公共和私营伙伴展开迅速合作、以增加工具的公平供应和获取的重要性。短期方案包括：分享现有产品，包括通过“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”分享疫苗；产能多样化；查明和解决生产中的瓶颈；促进整个价值链的贸易和透明度；通过合作和扩大现有产能，提高产能利用和全球分配的效率，包括在“与贸易有关的知识产权协定”（TRIPS协定）及2001年TRIPS协定与公共健康多哈宣言框架下持续努力；推动使用知识产权自愿授权协议、技术和技术诀窍自主转让及共同商定的专利池等工具。
Underline the importance of working with all relevant public and private partners rapidly to increase the equitable availability of tools and to enhance access to them. Short-term options include: sharing existing products, including of vaccines through COVAX; Diversifying production capacity; Identifying and addressing bottlenecks in production; Facilitating trade and transparency across the entire value chain; Promoting increased efficiency in the use of capacities and global distribution by cooperation and expansion of existing capacities, including by working consistently within the TRIPS agreement and the 2001 Doha Declaration on the TRIPS agreement and Public Health; and Promoting the use of tools such as voluntary licencing agreements of intellectual property, voluntary technology and know-how transfers, and patent pooling on mutually-agreed terms.
欢迎对突发卫生事件防范和应对的高层政治领导，注意到在世卫组织框架下涉及大流行病预防和防范的潜在国际工具或协议的建议，以及世卫组织、世界动物卫生组织、联合国粮食及农业组织、联合国环境规划署和各方通过“同一健康高级别专家小组”为更好实施“同一健康”所作的努力。
Welcome high-level political leadership for preparedness and response in relation to health emergencies. Note proposals on a possible international instrument or agreement with regards to pandemic prevention and preparedness, in the context of the WHO, and efforts by the WHO, World Organisation for Animal Health, Food and Agriculture Organisation, United Nations Environment Programme and others in relation to strengthening the implementation of the One Health approach through their One Health High-Level Expert Panel.
除上述声明外，鉴于当前疫情形势，我们在以下方面制定了原则和指导性承诺，为当前和未来的全球卫生行动提供自愿导向，以支持对有效卫生系统能力的融资、建设和维持以及全民健康覆盖，改善对当前疫情和未来潜在突发公共卫生事件的防范、早期预警、预防、检测、协调应对、韧性和恢复能力。
Beyond these statements in view of the ongoing pandemic, we set out principles and guiding commitments below. These serve as voluntary orientation for current and future action for global health to support the financing, building, and sustaining of effective health system capabilities and capacities and Universal Health Coverage to improve preparedness, early warning of, prevention, detection, coordinated response, and resilience to, and recovery from, the current pandemic and future potential public health emergencies.
这些相互促进的原则再次确认我们承诺促进全球团结、公平和多边合作，实现有效治理，以人为本加强防范及有效应对，在科学及证据基础上制定政策，建立信任，并促进为全球健康进行持续融资。
These mutually reinforcing principles reconfirm our commitment to global solidarity, equity, and multilateral co-operation; to effective governance; to put people at the centre of preparedness and equip them to respond effectively; to build on science and evidence-based policies and create trust; and to promote sustained financing for global health.
罗马宣言原则
Principles of the Rome Declaration
我们承诺在10月于罗马举行的二十国集团峰会等平台推动以下原则及其指导的行动取得切实进展，并请所有利益攸关方在即将召开的世界卫生大会和其他相关场合考虑以下原则。我们将：
We commit to promote and make tangible progress towards these principles and the action they guide by the G20 Summit in Rome in October and beyond and invite their consideration in the forthcoming World Health Assembly (WHA) and other relevant fora, and by all relevant stakeholders. We will:
1. 考虑到即将召开的世卫大会，以及近期和正在进行的评估进程，包括此前世卫大会授权的评估，支持并加强现有多边卫生架构以防范、预防、检测和应对疫情，其核心是有适当、可持续、可预测资金来源且有效运作的世卫组织。支持为所有人实现可持续发展目标、以及《人人享有健康生活和福祉全球行动计划》等具体倡议，以更好支持各国加快实现健康相关的可持续发展目标，包括全民健康覆盖。支持实现可持续、包容和有韧性复苏的目标，逐步推动人人享有可达到的最高健康标准的权利。
1) Support and enhance the existing multilateral health architecture for preparedness, prevention, detection and response with an appropriately, sustainably and predictably funded, effective WHO at its centre, taking account of the forthcoming WHA and various recent and ongoing review processes, including those resulting from the previous WHA. Support the achievement of the SDG, their targets, and specific initiatives such as the Global Action Plan for Healthy Lives and Wellbeing for all to better support countries to accelerate progress towards the health-related SDG including towards Universal Health Coverage. Support the goal of a sustainable, inclusive and resilient recovery that promotes the progressive realisation of the right for all people to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health.
2. 努力并更好支持全面实施、监测和遵守《国际卫生条例》，推动循证的、符合“同一健康”方针的跨部门措施的有效实施，以应对人类－动物－环境交汇及抗微生物药物耐药性带来的风险和威胁，注意到相关国际组织在该领域的作用，鼓励在与相关卫生组织商讨后，推动出台新的包括邮轮在内的航空和海上国际旅行公共健康指导方案。
2) Work towards and better support the full implementation of, monitoring of and compliance with the IHR, and enhanced implementation of the multi-sectoral, evidence based One Health approach to address risks emerging from the human-animal-environment interface, the threat of anti-microbial resistance, noting the role of relevant international organisations in that regard and encourage new public health guidance in consultation with relevant health organisations on international travel by air or sea, including cruise ships.
3. 采取全社会、健康融入所有政策的措施，包括国家和社区要素相互促进，推动政府最高层负起责任，以达到更好的防范、预防、检测和应对。
3) Foster all-of-society and health-in-all policies approaches, with mutually reinforcing national and community elements, and promote responsibility at the highest levels of government for the achievement of better preparedness, prevention, detection and response.
4. 推进多边贸易体制，注意到世界贸易组织的核心作用，以及在全价值链中开放、韧性、多样、安全、高效、可靠的全球供应链对突发卫生事件的重要性，包括疫苗生产原材料，及生产和获取应对突发卫生事件的药物、诊断、工具、医疗器械、非药品物资和原材料。
4) Promote the multilateral trading system, noting the central role of the WTO, and the importance of open, resilient, diversified, secure, efficient and reliable global supply chains across the whole value chain related to health emergencies, including the raw materials to produce vaccines, and for the manufacturing of and access to medicines, diagnostic, tools, medical equipment, non-pharmaceutical goods, and raw materials to address public health emergencies.
5. 借鉴ACT-A相关经验，使人们能够公平、及时、可负担地在全球范围内获得高质量、安全和有效的预防、检测和应对工具，以及非药物措施、清洁水、环境卫生、个人卫生及（充足食物）营养，以及强健、包容和有韧性的卫生系统；并支持建立强有力的疫苗交付系统、增强对疫苗的信心并普及卫生知识。
5) Enable equitable, affordable, timely, global access to high-quality, safe and effective prevention, detection and response tools, leveraging and drawing on the experience of ACT-A, as well as to non-pharmaceutical measures, clean water, sanitation, hygiene and (adequate food) nutrition and to strong, inclusive, and resilient health systems; and support robust vaccine delivery systems, vaccine confidence and health literacy.
6. 支持低收入和中等收入国家加强专业能力建设，发展当地和区域工具生产能力，包括继续对“新冠疫苗实施计划”进行投入，以提高全球、区域和地方生产、处理和分配能力。进一步促进卫生技术利用及卫生系统数字化转型。
6) Support low- and middle-income countries to build expertise, and develop local and regional manufacturing capacities for tools, including by building on COVAX efforts, with a view to developing improved global, regional and local manufacturing, handling and distribution capacities. Further enable increased use of health technologies and the digital transformation of health systems.
7. 发挥相关组织和平台的协同作用，并基于其专业知识，推动以各方同意的条件开展数据共享、能力建设、许可协议和自愿技术及经验转让。
7) Leverage synergies and build on expertise of relevant organisations and platforms to facilitate data sharing, capacity building, licensing agreements, and voluntary technology and know-how transfers on mutually agreed terms.
8. 加大对现有疫情防范和预防架构的支持力度，针对疫苗可预防疾病推动公平疫苗接种，将上述疾病以及艾滋病、结核、疟疾等其他传染性疾病和非传染性疾病纳入监测和卫生计划，作为提供综合服务的一部分，确保没有人掉队。
8) Enhance support for existing preparedness and prevention structures for equitable immunisation against vaccine preventable diseases, and surveillance and health programmes for these and other diseases, including HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and others, and non-communicable diseases, as part of integrated service delivery and ensuring that no one is left behind.
9. 对全球卫生和照护工作者队伍进行投入，通过包括世卫组织学院等世卫组织相关倡议在内的教育和培训，提高其得到各国互认的专业能力，以实现更好的健康、加速发展、促进社会包容和性别平等的三重红利。对社区卫生和卫生系统进行投入，让所有国家享有更有力、有韧性、包容、高质量的卫生服务、持续护理能力、地方及家庭护理能力及公共卫生能力。对世卫组织领导的多边机制进行投入，以提高对发展中国家和受危机影响国家的援助和应对能力。对卫生保健设施的水清洁和卫生条件进行投入，减少传染风险，保障医护人员安全。
9) Invest in the worldwide health and care workforce, to bring about the triple dividend of better health, acceleration of development, and advancements in social inclusion and gender equality, by developing mutually recognised competencies through education and training including through relevant WHO initiatives including the WHO Academy. Invest in community health and in health systems to achieve strengthened, resilient, inclusive, high quality health services, continuity of care, local and home care, and public health capacities in all countries. Invest in multilateral WHO-led mechanisms to facilitate assistance and response capacities for use in developing and crisis affected countries. Invest also in water sanitation and hygiene in health care facilities to reduce infection risks and safeguard healthcare workers.
10. 对公共和动物卫生诊断实验室进行投入，为其提供包括基因组测序能力在内的充足资源、培训机会和人力配备，在发生突发事件时，能够按照适用法律、现有相关协议、法规和安排快速、安全地向国内外分享数据和样本。
10) Invest in adequate resourcing, training, and staffing of diagnostic public and animal health laboratories, including genomic sequencing capacity, and rapidly and safely share data and samples during emergencies domestically and internationally, consistent with applicable laws, relevant existing agreements, regulations and arrangements.
11. 对进一步开发、加强和完善符合“同一健康”方针的可互操作的预警信息、监测和触发系统进行投入。按照《国际卫生条例》相关规定，继续努力提高潜在疫情暴发数据的监测和分析能力，包括快速、透明地进行跨部门和跨国界的信息和数据共享。
11) Invest in further developing, enhancing and improving inter-operable early warning information, surveillance, and trigger systems in line with the One Health approach. Invest in new efforts to strengthen surveillance and analyse data on potential outbreaks, including rapid and transparent cross-sectoral and international information and data sharing, in accordance with the IHR.
12. 根据国家能力，对卫生系统工具和非药物措施研究、开发和创新的国内、国际、多边合作进行可预测、有效、充分的投入，同时从早期阶段就开始考虑可扩展性、获取和制造问题。
12) Invest predictably, effectively and adequately, in line with national capacities, in domestic, international and multilateral cooperation in research, development, and innovation, for health systems tools and non-pharmaceutical measures, considering issues of scalability, access, and manufacturing from an early stage.
13. 在可持续和公平恢复的前提下，统筹推进药品和非药品措施、应急响应（包括危机和行动中心的在线协调），以科学建议为基础对卫生健康、危机防范和应对以及政策制定进行投入。相关政策应有助于加速实现可持续发展目标，解决造成紧急卫生事件的根本原因，包括贫困、结构性不平等、环境恶化等影响健康的社会因素，加强人力资源建设，加快绿色和数字转型，促进共同繁荣。
13) Coordinate pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical measures and emergency response (including online coordination of crisis and operation centres), in the context of a sustainable and equitable recovery, with investment in health, preparedness and response and policies informed by scientific advice. Policies should accelerate progress towards achieving the SDG, combat the root causes of health emergencies, including social determinants of health, poverty, structural inequality and environmental degradation, build human capital, accelerate green and digital transitions, and boost prosperity for all.
14. 支持和促进与当地社区、民间社会、一线工作者、弱势群体、妇女和其他社会组织以及所有其他利益攸关方进行有意义和包容的对话，抵制错误信息、虚假信息，以提高防范和应对措施的有效性。为支持上述工作，应当将准确的信息、证据、不确定因素以及从新冠肺炎疫情和以往突发公共卫生事件中吸取的经验教训，以适应当地文化的方式及时向公众传递，以提高治理和决策的透明度，争取民众信任。开展健康促进和影响健康的社会因素相关工作，以解决非传染性疾病、心理健康、粮食与营养等其他关键健康问题，提高抵御未来健康危机的整体能力，同时在处理危机时应注意采取年龄和性别敏感的应对方式。
14) Increase the effectiveness of preparedness and response measures by supporting and promoting meaningful and inclusive dialogue with local communities, civil society, frontline workers, vulnerable groups, women's and other organisations and all other relevant stakeholders and by countering misinformation and disinformation. Underpin this with trust and transparency in relation to governance and decision-making, arising from the timely and culturally adapted communication of accurate information, of evidence and of uncertainty, and of lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic response and previous public health emergencies. Undertake health promotion and work on the social determinants of health to address other critical health issues such as non-communicable diseases, mental health and food and nutrition, as part of efforts to enhance overall resilience to future health crises and in addition ensure an age- and gender-sensitive response to future crises.
15. 建立强化的、精简的、可持续的、可预测的融资机制，为大流行病长期防范、预防、监测、应对和快速扩充医疗资源提供资金，能够以协调、透明、合作的方式，并在强有力的问责和监督下，迅速调动私人和公共资金和资源。加强团结合作，特别是支持疫苗和其他物资生产供应，以及向低收入和中等收入国家提供资金用于疫苗采购。
15) Address the need for enhanced, streamlined, sustainable and predictable mechanisms to finance long-term pandemic preparedness, prevention, detection and response, as well as surge capacity, capable of rapidly mobilising private and public funds and resources in a coordinated, transparent and collaborative manner and with robust accountability and oversight. In a spirit of solidarity, join efforts to support in particular the manufacture and supply of vaccines and other supplies and/or the provision of funding for vaccine purchase, to low- and middle-income countries.
16. 通过采取混合融资，建立创新机制，综合运用公共、私人和慈善部门以及国际金融机构资金等方式，努力确保上述融资机制有效运作。努力避免工作重复，强调各国需根据自身国情，主要通过国内资源为履行《国际卫生条例》和国内研发能力提供资金，并为那些不具备此能力的国家争取支持。强调为满足中低收入国家融资需求进行多边努力的重要性，包括国际货币基金组织提议的新增特别提款权分配方案、富有雄心的国际开发协会第20期增资，以及业经二十国集团核可的现有措施。欢迎多边开发银行和国际组织当前工作，并呼吁其在各自授权和预算范围内加大努力，更好支持对卫生威胁的防范、预防、检测、应对和控制，并加强相互协调。
16) Seek to ensure the effectiveness of such financing mechanisms, including by leveraging blended finance, innovative mechanisms, public, private, and philanthropic sources, and international financial institution funds. Seek to avoid duplication of efforts, and underline the need for countries to finance their national IHR and R&D capacities, primarily through domestic resources in line with their national circumstances, and mustering support for those unable to do so. Underline the importance of multilateral efforts to meet the financing needs of low- and middle-income countries, including the proposed new general allocation of Special Drawing Rights by the IMF, an ambitious IDA20 replenishment and existing G20 endorsed measures. Welcome the ongoing work of Multilateral Development Banks and International Organisations and call for increase within their mandates and respective budgets their efforts to better support the preparedness, prevention, detection, response, and control of health threats and enhance their coordination.
（来源：新华网）
(Source: Xinhua)
