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SAT TEM8 GRE
外刊例句
- Over the next months he looked on wryly as the grand vision was slowly trashed and key figures were indicted.
之后几个月里,他苦笑着目睹宏伟蓝图慢慢被扔进垃圾筒,项目的关键人物纷纷被起诉。
——《经济学人》 - A grand jury in Baltimore has indicted six police officers on homicide and assault charges in the death of Freddie Gray, who was fatally injured last month in police custody, the city’s chief prosecutor said Thursday.
巴尔的摩市首席检察官周四表示,针对弗雷迪·格雷上个月遭警方拘押期间受到致命伤害一案,大陪审团已经以故意杀人罪和故意伤害罪起诉六名警察。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[verb] formally accuse of or charge with a serious crime
[动词] 正式控告或起诉犯有严重罪行
深入解读
Indict 一词的含义比较简单,就是在法律上指“控告、起诉”,多见于美式英语,如上面《纽约时报》例句所说的那样,常用来指大陪审团“对……起诉”。
根据美国宪法第五修正案(Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution)规定,凡审理重罪时均须大陪审团进行审查并出具呈文(presentment)或起诉书(indictment)。
从此不难看出, indict 多用于控告或起诉严重的罪行,并且意味着审判前对证据有着正式的审议,常用搭配 indict sb for sth 或 indict sb on charges/on a charge of sth ,比如:
- 那个身材高大的女人受高薪诱惑接受了那份工作。几个月后,她因制售假钞被起诉。
The hefty woman was lured into the job by the offer of a high salary. Several months later, she was indicted for making and selling counterfeit currency.
此外,也可以用 indict 来表示“控诉、谴责”,而 indict 的衍生词 indictment 也就除了上面说的“刑事起诉书、公诉书”外,还相应作名词表示“控告、起诉”和“控诉、谴责”这个行为过程,并进一步衍生表示制度、社会等的“衰败迹象、腐败迹象”,多指制度、社会等糟糕到了应该受到控诉和谴责的地步,比如:
- 缺乏约束的持枪自由导致枪支暴力泛滥,是现代社会的一大败象。
The lack of restraint in the right to hold guns has led to rampant gun violence, which is a damning indictment of modern society.
有意思的是, indictment 在经典高分影片《肖申克的救赎》(The Shawshank Redemption)的道具报纸中,被错拼成了indictement,请看:
最后值得注意的是, indict 的后半部分 dict 的发音为[daɪt],而不要误读为[dɪkt],请听下面的影视用例。
影视用例
查看视频请点击:小词详解 | indict
Are you trying to help us, or indict us?
你是想帮我们,还是想告我们?
出自2021年上映的美国科幻动作网络剧《猎鹰与冬兵》(The Falcon and the Winter Soldier)。
同近义词
- accuse: charge (someone) with an offense or crime
- charge: accuse (someone) of something, especially an offense under law
- impeach: (especially in the US) charge (the holder of a public office) with misconduct