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IELTS SAT TEM8
外刊例句
- America has grown healthily and the rest of the world has muddled along.
美国经济健康增长,世界其他地区也还算过得去。
——《经济学人》 - Yes, Southern Europe is experiencing an economic crisis thanks to that money muddle.
是的,由于货币引发的混乱,欧洲南部正在经历经济危机。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[verb] bring into a disordered or confusing state
[动词] 使陷入混乱或令人费解的状态
深入解读
看到 muddle 一词,小站的老铁们应该不难想起差不多一年前推过的 小词详解 | meddle ,这两个单词不仅形似,而且含义也稍稍有些接近。别第一眼觉得 muddle 很陌生,其实它可能衍生自英语单词 mud (烂泥、泥浆、淤泥),也可能直接源自中古荷兰语 moddelen (使水等浑浊),其基本含义即像把水弄浑一样“弄乱、搅浑”,多指将事物以错误的顺序弄乱或混淆,比如:
- 别动——你会弄乱我的文件的。我可是花了好长时间才整理好的。
Don't do that─you're muddling my papers. It took me a long time to collate them. - 他们神秘隐晦的情书都乱七八糟地放在一个抽屉里。
Their cryptic love letters were all muddled up together in a drawer.
这个概念也可以用在人身上,把脑袋弄乱,即表示“使困惑、使糊涂”,以及指酒、麻醉药等“使烂醉、使昏昏沉沉”,比如:
- 说慢点儿——你都把我搞糊涂了。我真搞不懂你在说什么。
Slow down a little─you're muddling me. I really couldn't fathom what you are talking about. - 那男人醉醺醺地踉跄着走出了酒吧。他喝了两杯就醉了。
The man lurched drunkenly out of the pub. Two drinks muddled him.
东西弄混之后或者脑袋乱了之后,就容易分不清两个比较相似的人或物以至于不知道哪个是哪个,这可以用 muddle sb/sth (up) 或 muddle A (up) with B 表示某人“混淆、搅浑、分不清”,比如:
- 我搞错了日期,早到了一个星期。
I muddled the dates and arrived a week early.
虽然混乱不是件好事,但有时候我们在缺乏相应的知识、信息、设备等时,甚至都不知道自己在干什么,也要蒙混过关达成目标,这就可以用 muddle through 表示“胡乱应付过去”,与小站之前在 小词详解 | brazen 中提到的 brazen it/sth out (厚着脸皮硬挺过去)有些近义,比如:
- 你不必为这事吵吵嚷嚷。我们能想办法应付过去。
You don't have to be blatant about it. We'll muddle through somehow. - 显然媒体已被封了口,因为什么都没有报道。现在我们能做的顶多就是设法保持冷静,蒙混过关。
The media has obviously been gagged because nothing has been reported. The best we can do now is try to stay cool and muddle through.
而在英式英语中还有一种混法叫 muddle along ,指的是“混日子、得过且过”,比如:
- 我们不能就这样混日子。我们必须设法摆脱贫困的煎熬。
We can't just keep muddling along like this. We must contrive a way to escape the grinding poverty.
用作名词时, muddle 除了自然表示“糊涂、困惑、茫然”以及“混乱、乱七八糟”外,也可以用 muddle about/over sth 表示局面“一团糟、混乱”,比如:
- 我曾在一家戏院兼职当引座员。那里的戏票管理问题一团糟。
I did part-time work as an usher in a theatre. There was a muddle over the theatre tickets.
双语名著
Bagovut, a sturdy old general of placid disposition, had been worried too by all the delays, the muddles, and the contradictory orders, and, to the amazement of everybody, he flew into a violent rage, quite out of keeping with his character, and said some very nasty things to Toll.
巴戈乌特是一个文静的、能征善战的老将军,他也因为一路拖延、混乱和错误百出被搞得筋疲力竭,令人惊讶的是,他一反平日的温文尔雅,大发雷霆,他对托尔说了许多难听的话。
出自俄国作家列夫·托尔斯泰( Leo Tolstoy)创作的长篇小说《战争与和平》(War and Peace)。本书于1865年到1869年出版,讲述欧洲拿破仑时期俄罗斯所发生的事。《战争与和平》自从问世以来,一直被认为是世界上最伟大的小说之一。
同近义词
- jumble: mix up in a confused or untidy way
- disarrange: make (something) untidy or disordered
- scramble: make (something) jumbled or muddled